Electron microscope parts and functions pdf. With a significant role in material sciences, physics, (soft matter) chemistry, and biology, the transmission electron microscope is one of the most widely applied structural analysis tool to date. Optical Microscope Dragonfly 600 (Andor Technology PLC) Optical Microscope MSC- B107T (Infitek) Fluorescence Microscope DM6 FS (Leica) Optical Microscope MiOF-500N (Microptik BV) References. Like light, the stream of electrons has a corpuscular and vibratory character Dirty apertures are undesirable because they will function as electrostatic lenses and thus, affects the electron beam. Figure 2. The electrons have a shorter wavelength and provide a very high-resolution capacity (0. Also, the ability of the electron micro-scope to make out detail is much greater. Diaphragm I. The resolution is measured in a nanometer, which is much more accurate and effective than the optical diffraction limit. Limitations of Fluorescence Microscope. You cannot see individual cells because it has a low magnification. Magnetic fields are used to form electron microscope lenses by passing electric current through a copper wire. 8. Phase‐contrast microscope: This microscope also contains special condensers that throw Apr 3, 2024 · Photo: 1) Studying a specimen with a transmission electron microscope. A nucleus or a cell wall can be seen more clearly by using different stains. Apr 2, 2020 · Since the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was first commercialized about 40 years ago, the SEM has shown a remarkable progress. The scanning electron microscope displays the examined object by means of a thin electron probe. k. The individual parts of a compound microscope can vary heavily depending on the configuration & applications that the scope is being used for. Microscopy enables a “direct” imaging of organisms, tissues, cells, organelles, molecular assemblies and even individual proteins. Plastic microscope slides and coverslips ($20-30 from Fisher) A variety of materials collected from outside, around the house, around the classroom, etc. Apr 12, 2024 · Advantages of Fluorescence Microscope. These signals Currently, use of two-photon microscopes is limited to advanced clinical and research laboratories because of the high costs of the instruments. Technical developments keep opening doors to new fields of research by improving aspects such as sample A dissecting microscope is light illuminated. Instead of glass as lens, the electron microscope uses electromagnetic coil May 6, 2005 · first electron micrograph of cell structure in 1945 (Porter et al. It is of two types: (I) Transmission electron microscope (TEM) (ii) Scanning electron microscope (SEM). A comparison of the light microscope ( a), the transmission electron microscope (b), and the images they produce, (c) and (d), respectively. Fundamental research by many physicists in the first quarter of the 20th century suggested that cathode rays (i. This system is found at the top of the microscope column (Fig. 26, 1064-1065) or Parrot (pp. Step 3: Use screws at front of condenser to centre field diaphragm and open field diaphragm to fill view. It is imperative to understand the parts and functions of various parts of a microscope. Label the parts of the compound microscope below. The resolution of an electron microscope is very high and therefore it produces a high-resolution image of an object Arm. An electron microscope comprises four main parts with various accessories to improve its functions. If your microscope has a mirror, it is used to reflect light from an external light source up through the bottom Nov 18, 2022 · Step 1: Fully open field and condenser diaphragms and focus on specimen using x10 objective. Eyepiece (ocular) Activity 2 FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTS Dec 14, 2022 · Structural parts of a microscope: There are three major structural parts of a microscope. Sci7 q2 Mod1 PartsandfunctionsofMicroscope v4 - Free download as PDF File (. Pre-lab: 1. Interference Microscope. · Relay lens - serve to invert the image and also extend the imaging system. txt) or read online for free. A light object is seen on a dark background. An electron microscope consists of an electric gun, microscope column, electromagnetic coils, a fluorescent screen and some other accessories described below: (a) The electron gun is located at the top of the body of microscope. Abstract. <6> It implies subjectively seeing (resolving) small things or their parts. Make a wet or dry mount with a coverslip. Low power (long focal length) objective H. His awards include the Presidential Science Award from the Microbeam Analysis Society, the Distinguished Scientist Award from the Microscopy Society of America, and the scanning electron microscope no heating but a so-called "cold" source is employed. The greater resolving power of the electron microscope 5 days ago · The most familiar type of microscope is the optical, or light, microscope, in which glass lenses are used to form the image. Light microscopes are further broken down into compound microscopes, dissection microscopes, and two types of electron microscopes - scanning electron Apr 13, 2023 · Electron microscopy makes use of cutting-edge equipment to produce and detect electrons. 2. May 16, 2024 · Electron microscope, microscope that attains extremely high resolution using an electron beam instead of a beam of light to illuminate the object of study. SEM differs from TEM as Oct 13, 2022 · Compound Microscope. The beam penetrates and interacts with the specimen and leads to an image. Unlike many scientific instruments, the b. Show students the eyepiece and objectives and explain how these magnify your sample. In an electron microscope, electromagnets function as a lens and the whole of its system works in a vacuum. In scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), a beam of electrons moves back and forth across the surface of a cell or tissue, creating a detailed image of the 3D surface. Step 4: Remove eyepiece and close down The major types of Electron Microscopes are as follow A. Identify and describe the parts of a brightfield microscope; Calculate total magnification for a compound microscope; Describe the distinguishing features and typical uses for various types of light microscopes, electron microscopes, and scanning probe microscopes Prof. The aphorism “seeing is believing” is often quoted in scientific papers involving microscopy. Fine adjustment knob: Used for focus on oil. Simple Microscopes: Simple/ Dissecting Microscope: As shown in the figure 6. Objective Lens: Gathers light from the specimen and magnifies the image. e. It is the standard microscope that is used in Biology, Cellular Biology, and Microbiological Laboratory studies. Base. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) SEM use electron illumination. 4. Parts of a Compound Microscope Each part of the&nbsp; compound microscope serves its own unique function, with each being important to the function of the scope as a whole. A14-A15). Oct 29, 2018 · enabling the movement of the tube. You can see the image it produces on the screen on the left. Stage J. Following the path of the electron beam, themicroscope can be split into the following parts: electron gun, illumination system, objective lens and specimen stage, image-forming system and Mar 13, 2022 · Darkfield is used to study marine organisms such as algae, plankton, diatoms, insects, fibers, hairs, yeast and protozoa as well as some minerals and crystals, thin polymers and some ceramics. d. It describes two categories of microscopes: light microscopes, which use visible light, and electron microscopes, which use a beam of electrons. These signals Compound microscopes are the most commonly used type of light microscope. 1. As Laurel carefully sketched one plays electron intensity as light intensity, which we first observe and then record photographically or store digi-tally. It has the power to visualize almost everything from the micrometer to the angstrom scale. To observe and draw the letter “e” as it appears under a microscope. The light microscope is an important tool in the study of microorganisms, particularly for identification purposes. Phase-contrast Microscope. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) was the first electron microscope to be developed. An SEM is a type of electron microscope that uses an electron beam to scan the sample. Interactive video showing typical adjustments that can be made on the substage assembly. General Introduction. Scanning electron microscope column [1]. In this chapter, after a brief history of transmission electron microscopy, the fundamentals of electron optics and instrumentation are described. Specimen holder K. Electrons are primarily accelerated toward an anode that High Voltage Modern Electron Microscope 8. The condenser, for example, gathers and focuses light onto the Aug 3, 2023 · 5. Jan 16, 2024 · Microscope cell staining is a technique used to improve the visibility of cells and cell parts under a microscope. It is situated on top of the The major parts of the SEM which are important for the working of Scanning electron microscope are: Electron Source – This is where electrons are produced under thermal heat at a voltage of 1kV to 40kV. They use electron optics that are analogous to the glass lenses of an optical light microscope to control the electron beam, for instance focusing them to produce magnified images or electron diffraction patterns. It is also used to carry the microscope. Arm: The arm connects the body tube to the base of the microscope. The hand magnifying glass can magnify about 3 to 20×. Jun 9, 2018 · Electron microscope (EM) uses high-energy electron beam as probe instead of visible light. The image that appears is three dimensional. The electron gun is in the tall gray tube at the top. Electron Gun: This is where the electron beam comes from. the electrons condense into a beam that is used for the creation of an image and analysis. LIGHT MICROSCOPE Light microscopy is the corner stone of microbiology for it is through the microscope that a light microscope (50,000X compared to 1,000X). Head/Body houses the optical parts in the upper part of the microscope. Analytical techniques as used in molecular biology provide a data set which represents cellu-lar processes in an abstract way. e. German physicist Ernst Ruska invented electron microscope in 1931. Man’s curiosity has led to great inventions. The filament is inside the Wehnelt which controls the number of electrons leaving the gun. Also, read about the uses of a compound microscope. They provide two-dimensional images and allow viewing of individual cells at high magnification, though with low resolution. ) VLM We’ll try to avoid the phrases ‘optical microscope’ (they all are) and ‘light microscope’ (some are very heavy). The base of the microscope provides stability to the device and allows the user Jun 28, 2022 · 1. The electrons that are backscattered, as well as the ones that are knocked off the near-surface region of the object, are detected and used to create high-resolution images. The voltage between cathode and anode is in the order of magnitude of 0. Single-lensed simple microscopes can Electron microscopes are used for detailed investigation of the ultrastructure of a wide range of biological and inorganic specimens including microorganisms, cells, large molecules, biopsy samples, metals, and crystals. The object is placed on the platform and light is Sep 2, 2021 · Parts of a microscope and how a light microscope works Fundamentally, a microscope comprises two subsystems: an illumination system to illuminate the sample and an imaging system that produces a magnified image of the light that has interacted with the sample, which can then be viewed by eye or using a camera system. rotating part that holds two or more objective lenses. In this way it is possible to observe living cells and organisms with adequate contrast and resolution. Base of the microscope supports the microscope and houses the illuminator. This type of microscopy was used to take the image of the Salmonella bacteria shown at right, above. Plug in the electric cord and turn on the power by pushing the button or turning the switch. Laurel noticed that each cell contained a darker blue spot. Updated: 11/21/2023 1. Instead of glass as a lens, the electron microscope uses an Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) n The goal of the SEM is to scan a focused beam of primary electrons onto a sample, and to collect secondary electrons emitted from the sample to form an image n Modern SEMs involve 5 main components u An electron source (a. com An electron beam is formed at the tip of a heated filament. STRUCTURAL PARTS OF A LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND THEIR FUNCTIONS - Read online for free. 5 to 30 KV. Procedures Part 1: Tour of the microscope Walk students through all the parts of the microscope: 1. Transmission electron microscope (TEM). Simplified drawing of May 26, 2021 · Before reading the following discussion of the theory of the microscope, please familiarize yourself with the names of the microscope parts shown in Figure 2 and their function. From the eyepiece to the objective lens, the stage, and the illuminator, every piece of the microscope has a specific function that contributes to the clarity and precision of the observed images. Most imaging qualities of the microscope depend on the parameters of this electron beam: spot size, aperture angle and beam The light microscope can extend our ability see objects as small as 0. Because the electron beam 82510 Microscope Lab 2-3 Exercise #1 — Parts of the Microscope Place the microscope on your desk with the oculars (eyepieces) pointing toward you. In this method, electrons accelerated by high voltage (0-30 kV) are focused on the sample. There are mainly three types of electron sources that can be used that is Tungsten filament, Lanthanum hexaboride, and Field emission gun (FEG) Nov 2, 2005 · Electron microscopy has been used, however, to elucidate the structure and function of many bacterial features, such as flagellae, fimbriae and spores and in the study of bacteriophages. Figure 1 Electron Microscopes: Parts and Functions. Lens – The biconvex lens is placed above the stage and its function is to magnify the size of the object being examined. Light is caused to pass through an object and is then focused by the primary and secondary lens. 3. An electron microscope is a microscope that uses electrons rather than light to observe an object. Arm B. 2 Transmission Electron Microscope. Illuminators for microscopic work are also included. Darkfield is used to study mounted cells and tissues. If the beam of light is replaced by an electron beam, the microscope becomes a transmission electron microscope. Nov 21, 2023 · Learn the compound light microscope's parts and functions by viewing a compound microscope diagram. 5 Microscopy. Electron interaction with matter- The interaction between the electron beamand the sample is coulombic. Phase Contrast Microscope. Scanning electron microscopes use electron beams to examine Transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image. Iodine, crystal violet, and methylene blue are examples of simple stains. 3. 1) Electron gun: Located at the top of the column where free electrons are generated by thermionic emission from a tungsten filament at ~2700K. Electron beam generation system. Scanning Electron Microscope and 9. This definitely was the reason for using a micro scope in the days of Robert Hooke (1635-1703). It is the source of electrons. Although Zacharias and Hans Janssen are credited with the 6. a electron gun) u Focusing and deflection optics (referred to as the column) u A Jan 14, 2022 · A microscope is a delicate and expensive instrument that should be handled with care. The negatively charged electrons can interact strongly with the electron cloud in the solid and also the positively charged nucleus. Base: The bottom of the microscope, used for support. Coarse adjustment knob D. In microscope and to draw the light path inside the instrument. A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is an analytical tool permitting visualization and analysis of samples from the lands of micro space (1 μm = 10 −6 m) to nano space (1 nm = 10 −9 m). The microscope is one of them. During the scanning of the surface of this focused electron beam, electrons and material atoms interact. Step 2: Fully close field diaphragm and adjust the condenser and focus so edges are as sharp as possible. the lens at the top that you look through. Electron Microscope is a microscope that uses accelerated electron, beams instead of light rays, to illuminate the specimen and get the highly magnified image. 2. The base serves as the microscope’s support and holds the illuminator. How does it work? Nov 8, 2017 · PDF | Introduction to Microscopy, its different types in optical and electron based microscopy. used to view thin specimens (tissue sections, molecules, etc) through which electrons can pass generating a projection image. To utilize these different SEMs, it is essential to recognize their features, as well as to understand the reasons for the contrast of SEM images The three basic, structural components of a compound microscope are the head, base and arm. Electron Microscope: A system of electromagnetic lenses and a short beam of electrons are used to obtain magnification. Illuminator: A steady light source (110 volts) used in place of a mirror. 4)representstheoldest,mostcommon,andsimplest microscope slide, and then staining them with blue dye. Feb 1, 2005 · Figure 2. The electron source and electromagnetic lenses that generate and focus the Apr 21, 2024 · Learning Objectives. 1 nm) and 500,000 times magnification power. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), type of electron microscope that has three essential systems: (1) an electron gun, which produces the electron beam, and the condenser system, which focuses the beam onto the object, (2) the image-producing system, consisting of the objective lens, movable. the bottom of the microscope used for support. 2) A typical scanning electron microscope. The arm is the component of the microscope that Other parts of a dissecting microscope: The head/body of a dissecting microscope contains several important components that are hidden within the tube. f. The combined use of EM and gold-labelled antibodies provides a powerful tool for the ultrastructural localisation of bacterial and viral antigens. Dissection microscopes provide three-dimensional views at lower magnification, making them useful for examining larger specimens. 2 Bright Field Microscopy Brightfieldmicroscopy(Fig. When electrons are accelerated through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), they carry considerable amounts of kinetic energy with them. Phase­Contrast microscope 5. Jun 5, 2023 · The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscope whose primary roles include measuring properties such as magnetism, height, friction. Mirror L. Sep 28, 2021 · Parts of a Microscope and their Functions. Common compound microscope parts include: Compound Microscope Definitions for There are two major types of electron microscopy. It uses a probe for measuring and collection of data involves Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the original form of electron microscopy and analogues to the optical microscope. Body tube (Head): The body tube connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses. BASE- It serves as a support for microscopes. Apr 25, 2018 · The first transmission electron microscope (TEM) functioned by projecting electrons through a thin sample and onto film, and investigating the regions of the sample that were electron-permissive versus electron-dense. Electrons and X-rays formed as a result of this interaction are collected by detectors. This energy disappears as a variety of signals created by electron-sample interactions when the incident electrons are decelerated in the solid sample. Live organisms such as spirochetes can be seen with this microscope. An extremely thin and sharp tungsten needle (tip diameter 10–7 –10-8 m) functions as a cathode in front of a primary and secondary anode. Now, many types of SEMs are being used, and their performance and functions are greatly different from each other. The electrons are accelerated with high voltages (60 – 1200 kV depending on the type of TEM) and are guided through the electron microscope column by electromagnetic lenses. See full list on microbenotes. She remembered from biology lecture that this region is known as the nucleus, and it is especially important because it contains instructions in the form of DNA for all the cell’s functions. Electron Microscope. Mar 7, 2022 · Parts of the optical parts are as follows: Mirror – A simple microscope has a plano-convex mirror and its primary function is to focus the surrounding light on the object being examined. The main microscope equipment is in the center. Nov 21, 2023 · A light microscope utilizes a tungsten or halogen bulb to illuminate objects, while an electron microscope uses a beam of accelerated electrons to illuminate an object. The TEM lets us look in very high resolution at a thin section of a sample (and is therefore analogous to the May 19, 2024 · The animal cell is made up of several structural organelles enclosed in the plasma membrane, that enable it to function properly, eliciting mechanisms that benefit the host (animal). The laboratory of Porter and George E. Here is a labeled diagram of the parts of the compound microscope: [DIAGRAM OF COMPOUND MICROSCOPE WITH PARTS LABELED] A. supports the tube and connects it to the base. Shortly after TEMs were developed, the first scanning electron microscope (SEM) was invented in 1940 . Condenser: Focuses light onto the specimen. 1, dissecting microscope consists of a biconvex lens which is moved up and down by an adjustment screw to bring the object in sharp focus. HEAD: Also known as the body, the microscope’s head houses the optical components in the upper portion. Therefore, microscopy was and still is an important The electron rays corresponding to bright field and dark field imaging are shown in Figure 7. Differential interference contrast (DIC) DIC microscopy is a technique which uses gradients in the optical path length or phase shifts to make phase objects visible under the light microscope. May 5, 2024 · Parts of a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) The major components of the Scanning Electron Microscope include; Electron Source – This is where electrons are produced under thermal heat at a voltage of 1-40kV. It is an optical microscope that uses light rays to produce a dark image against a bright background. connects the eyepiece with the objective lens. To identify the parts of a compound light microscope. This is the reason why we bring this revised edition to you. Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Body tube F. Interference microscope 1. It is also easy to manipulate the electron beams. The working together of all cells gives an animal its ability to move, to reproduce, to respond to stimuli, to digest and absorb food, etc. c. 1). In a light microscope, the eye piece and the objective lenses both contribute to the magnification of the specimen. b. This document provides an overview of microscopes, including their main parts and functions. 5. The compound light microscope uses visible light to directly illuminate specimens in a two-lens system, resulting in the illuminated specimen appearing dark against a bright background. Mar 11, 2024 · Parts of a microscope include the following: Eyepiece: Contains the lens closest to the viewer’s eye, magnifying the image produced by the objective lens. A light or electron beam is focused on the sample with glass or magnetic lenses, respectively. It is used for dissection to get a better look at the larger specimen. Moves the body tube for focusing the high power. Sci7 q2 Mod1 PartsandfunctionsofMicroscope v4 | PDF | Electron Microscope | Laboratory Equipment. Electron microscope. These include: · Prism - bend light and thus change the orientation of the image. However public dictionaries to this day define microscope objectively as a powerful magnifier. These diagrams clearly explain the functioning of the microscopes along with their respective parts. 9. The main parts of a microscope that are easy to identify include: Head : The upper part of the microscope that houses the optical elements of the unit. pdf), Text File (. High power (short focal length) objective G. The To better understand the structure and function of a microscope, we need to take a look at the labeled microscope diagrams of the compound and electron microscope. Vacuum system. Electron microscopes 4. In order for you to use the microscope properly, you must know its basic parts. . A vacuum is required when using an electron beam because electrons will quickly disperse or scatter due to collisions with other molecules. In this microscope, glass lenses are replaced by electromagnets. The word microscope was coined by Giovanni Faber on April 13, 1625. Often is at 10X magnification, but can be different. The electrons have shorter wavelength and provides very high-resolution capacity (0. Jun 1, 2020 · The light (or optical) microscope is the icon of science. Diopter Adjustment: Useful as a means to change focus on one eyepiece so as to correct for any difference in vision between your two eyes. Arm:1 It supports the tube of the microscope and connects to Apr 21, 2023 · Principle of Scanning Electron Microscopy. , electrons) might be used in. Ford. The specimen is most often an ultrathin section less than 100 nm thick or a suspension on a grid. A compound microscope is composed of two elements; a primary magnifying lens and a secondary lens system, similar to a telescope. Components of an Electron Microscope. lens. From each part of the sample the A brief description of each system follows: 1. The head comprises the top portion of the microscope, which contains the most important optical components, and the eyepiece tube. Fine adjustment knob E. B. May 2, 2024 · scanning electron microscope (SEM), type of electron microscope, designed for directly studying the surfaces of solid objects, that utilizes a beam of focused electrons of relatively low energy as an electron probe that is scanned in a regular manner over the specimen. An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of electrons as a source of illumination. Figure 3. Palade at Rockefeller University became famous for its images of cells, which extended microscopic anatomy to new dimensions and provided many novel insights about the structure and function of cell organelles. Feb 7, 2024 · Each component plays a crucial role in unlocking the secrets of the microscopic world. It is made up of a tungsten filament surrounded by a negatively biased shield with an Apr 15, 2022 · Brightfield Microscope is also known as the Compound Light Microscope. Examples of Fluorescence Microscope. These main parts include the electric gun, electromagnetic coils, microscope column, and fluorescent screen. The microscope comprises three main structural components: the head, the base, and the arm. An image is formed from the interaction of the electrons with the sample as the beam is transmitted Dark‐field microscope: This microscope contains a special condenser that scatters light and causes it to reflect off the specimen at an angle. (We’ll discuss these screens and other ways of recording electron images in Chapter 7. Precautions. Introduction to Electron Microscope: In electron microscope, high-speed electron beam is used instead of light waves, which are used in optical microscope. Joy Brian J. Base: The base is attached to a frame (arm) that is connected to the head of the device. 4. It Apr 7, 2021 · Parts Of a microscope. It works by shooting a beam of electrons at a thin slice of a sample and detecting those electrons that make it through to the other side. scans a focused electron beam over a surface to create an image. Optical microscopes can be simple, consisting of a single lens, or compound, consisting of several optical components in line. The distance needed to distinguish two points as separate is much less for an elec-tron microscope than for a light microscope (10 nm compared to 200 nm1). magnifies the object on the slide usually 4X, 10X, 40X. Porter had Tube: Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses. The image is seen in 3-D. The column forms the electron probe (beam) and sweeps the beam over the examined specimen located in the microscope chamber. 190-191 and appendix pp. Read Dragonfly (pp. The most important feature of a microscope is that it magnifies the image of the specimen and resolves it better to help the observers see the specimen clearly to carry out their experiments. Functions of the Major Parts of a Optical Microscope [1-3] Fig. Savile Bradbury David C. 1 micrometer (um) or transmission electron microscope extends this diameter, 1/200,000th the size of objects that microscopes, our understanding of the structures severely limited. An electron source, lenses for concentrating the electron beam, a sample stage, detectors for sensing electron signals, and computer systems for image processing and analysis make up the primary parts of an electron microscope. Egerton has published 90 full papers in refereed journals and is the author of Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope, (3rd Edition, 2011, Springer). To-day, when several years have passed since the publication of the first edition, some parts of the edition need amend-ment with instrumental improvements. , 1945). Base C. It is more useful in examining external details, such as outlines, edges, grain boundaries and May 27, 2024 · Electron Microscope . 1. Arm connects to the base and supports the microscope head. Apr 30, 2022 · The parts of the microscope that are located above the base but below the stage are called the substage assembly. Arm: Supports the tube and connects it to the base. edition of “A Guide to Scanning Microscope Observation” was published and it has since been used by many people. A single two-photon microscope typically costs between $300,000 and $500,000, and the lasers used to excite the dyes used on specimens are also very expensive. Coarse adjustment: Brings the specimen into general focus. The substage assembly includes the condenser, the lower polarizer, light filters, and diaphragms. This microscope is used to view fixed and live specimens Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is the most preferred method in microstructural analysis today. Eyepiece/Ocular lens: Lens in which the final magnification occurs. Stage: Platform where the specimen is placed for observation. A TEM discloses levels of information and intricacy unreachable by light microscopy due to the fact that it Jan 1, 2023 · An electron microscope (EM) uses a high energy electron beam aa s probe instead of visible light. By courtesy of NASA Glenn Research Center and Internet Archive. ia mu fy zk hs dk lf gh mu hc