Western astrology vs vedic astrology. Astrology is fluid — not black and white.

Western astrology judges the zodiac signs based solely on the movement of the sun. The Zodiac Divide Vedic Astrology: 🕉️ In Vedic astrology, the zodiac is divided into 27 lunar constellations or Nakshatras. Vedic Astrology, on the other hand, goes deeper. Contrary to western astrology where the sun is the central planet and the sun signs are considered the main factor for human personality, the moon in Vedic astrology is more important. Vedic Astrology is one of the most ancient and Vedic Astrology vs. However in between these years, the systems will continue to have a divergence. Early Vedic Astrology was just founded on the development of planets concerning stars, yet later on, it began including zodiac signs also. It is based on the Vedas, which are a collection of sacred texts. Unlike Vedic astrology, which utilizes the sidereal zodiac system, Western astrology follows the tropical zodiac system, aligning its interpretation with the movement of the Sun relative to the Earth. Whereas Vedic astrologers take into account only the visible planets – Sun, Moon, Mars, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, and Saturn. It consists of 12 signs, each associated with a different time of year and set of personality traits. Both Vedic and Tropical astrology are based on the language of planets, signs, and houses. Additionally, i t bases on how we see the stars from here on earth, rather than on their fixed positions in the heavens. While the two systems are very different, both make use of twelve constellations of 30 degrees each (12×30 = 360 = a circle) whose names and images are mostly identical. It is based on the belief that the position of the planets and stars at the time of birth can influence our lives. The Vedic system is considered more accurate because it uses modern astronomy with regard to an astronomical phenomenon occurring within the system, and has Nov 2, 2021 · We understand that Vedic astrology adjusts the signs for precession while Western astrology keeps every sign at fixed times of year no matter what. Jul 16, 2022 · Vedic Signs, Dates, and Meanings. Through careful analysis of these cosmic influences, Jyotish can help us to realistically evaluate our strengths and challenges in order to optimize our full potential. g. One reason for this is that they are not visible to the naked eye and were not used in classical Vedic astrology. Vedic Astrology, also known as Jyotish Shastra, is an ancient Indian system of astrology that has its roots in the Vedas, the sacred texts of Hinduism. It focuses on a holistic view of life and emphasizes the interconnectedness of all things. It is the most ancient knowledge and the Indian culture at that time was rich in arts, philosophy, religion, medicine, and science. But this doesn’t mean that Western astrology Dec 11, 2023 · In Western astrology, aspects are measured based only on degrees. And thus, we come to the origin of the name tropical: the tropics. Vedic astrology can make accurate predictions of life events and is 24 degrees back from Western astrology because of the ” precession of the equinoxes”, which refers to the slight shifting of the Earth’s rotation on its axis each Sep 11, 2017 · While Western astrology does look at the Moon’s nodes, they are much more important in the Vedic traditions. Because remember, astrology—in its origins—is not about the signs, it’s about Sep 20, 2019 · Moon As The 1st House of Vedic Astrology. It aims to provide guidance on one’s life purpose, career, and spiritual evolution. This is known as horary astrology, or prashna. Western astrology uses the Placidus unequal house system, whereas, Vedic astrology uses the whole sign equal house system. Thus, Western Astrology is an outcome of Aug 9, 2021 · Jyotish Shastra (Vedic astrology) is an ancient Indian philosophical tradition that studies the movement of stars and their influence on human life. It views individuals as part of a larger cosmic plan and believes in reincarnation and karma. Feb 23, 2024 · Vedic Astrology vs Western Astrology: Exploring the Differences and Similarities. Vedic astrology pays more attention to your Moon sign than your Sun sign, which is emphasized in Western astrology. At present, western astrology’s sign of Aries is about 24 degrees away from Vedic astrology’s sign of Aries. Aries, the first sign of the zodiac, aligns with the first constellation, called Nov 15, 2023 · Vedic Astrology. Beyond their contrasting calendars, these are the main ways in which these astrological systems diverge: 1. Vedic astrology does not include the outer planets of Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. In Western astrology, the zodiac is based on the tropical system, which aligns with the position of the Sun at the spring equinox. Relationship is three dimensional means, which approaches the subject from three dimensions. Western astrology on the other hand focuses only on the date of Mar 16, 2021 · Astrology. Vedic astrology is a bit more all-encompassing than Western. 3. On the other hand, Western astrology follows the tropical zodiac, which is based on the Earth’s relationship with the Sun. On the other hand, Western Astrology can be traced back to the life and intellectual development in ancient Greece. While western astrology uses the original placement of the constellations from thousands of years ago, Vedic astrology adheres to the astronomically accurate Western astrology often focuses on the sun sign, where the sun's position at the time of birth determines one's astrological sign. Vedic astrology, on the other hand, places a greater emphasis on karma and destiny. While both Western & Vedic astrology Nov 7, 2013 · Sometimes known as Vedic astrology, Jyotish describes the planetary patterns at the time of our birth and can give us valuable clues to understanding our life’s journey. This sign is believed to influence a person's core personality traits and general Dec 12, 2021 · Vedic Astrology is very different from Western Astrology in every aspect. Thanks Robin, Im an Aquarius and im a product designer and inventor. We tend to say 'these are your natal energies, you can now work with them for good or for ill, but these energies are what you've got, deal with it. And in my view, they have done great research in psychological aspects of Sep 8, 2012 · It carry very good information between western and Vedic astrology. Alok Khandelwal. Mar 24, 2024 · The Sun (Surya): Revered as the soul of the solar system in Vedic astrology, the Sun symbolizes vitality, ego, authority, and the core essence of the self. What is the difference between Western Astrology and Vedic Astrology? In both Eastern and Western astrology, the 360-degree zodiac belt is divided into twelve distinct zodiac signs, comprised of 30 degrees, each possessing a general set of attributes. Get app Get the Reddit app Get the Reddit app The twelve zodiac signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. Unlike Vedic astrology, which labels planets and homes as “malefic” or “benefic,” Western astrologers prefer a impartial method. It never took subtle changes in the earth’s axis into account when it was invented, so over thousands of years, the fixed system of Western Astrology has slowly grown increasingly inaccurate in its transit calculations. In Vedic Astrology, your moon sign, which shows your emotional nature, is just as important as your sun sign. Astronomical Differences between Western and Vedic Astrology. Western astrology is a form of divination from which astrologers can learn about Egyptian deities’ intentions to A person born on April 11 th for example will have the Sun placed in Aries according to Western astrology. I don’t know if it is a real difference because I’m not trained in Western Astrology … See this interview with Fernando Raul Castro Mar 2, 2015 · Eastern astrology as in Vedic “Hindu” astrology has been around in Indian for previous 5. The 12 Vedic Astrology Signs Below, you’ll find the Zodiac signs calibrated to our present day position in space according to the Vedic astrological system, along with a breakdown of each sign, what it means and what it May 24, 2023 · Western Astrology doesn’t have anything quite like that. You cannot simply say tropical is far more accurate. It looks at the Moon and the planets, considering their positions in relation to the stars. With a history spanning thousands of years, Jyotish is much more than mere fortune-telling Western Astrology, popular in the United States, uses a different method of calculation than Jyotish. Kuta system. But in Chinese astrology Aug 25, 2023 · The Western zodiac is based on the tropical zodiac, which is centered around the position of the sun at the time of the spring equinox. Jun 6, 2024 · Vedic vs. Feb 23, 2022 · Western astrology puts more emphasis on the position of the Sun within a specific Zodiac sign, as opposed to Vedic astrology, which places more emphasis on the position of the Moon in a sign with the Ascendant (Lagna). Western Astrology, Moon signs vs Sun signs Vedic Astrology originated from Vedas and was first mentioned in Rig Veda which is about six thousand years old. Sidereal doesn't match up with the constellations perfectly. Western Astrology largely focuses on psychological aspects and individualism. Solar and Lunar System. Vedic Astrology has been practiced for many thousands of years. However, Western astrologers use the Tropical zodiac. Apr 8, 2024 · Western astrology emphasizes the Sun’s relationship to the earth and seasons. 1. It emphasizes free will and personal interpretation of birth charts. For example, we analyse 9th House for Father. Each system has different ways of interpretations. (Because the earth tilts on its axis—known as the Precession of the Equinoxes —the zodiac appears to be moving at about 1/60th of a degree per year, which would make the current relative/movable zodiac I'm a Vedic astrologer myself and find that it is useful for determining spiritual things like purpose, health-related things, and predictive astrology. The earliest writings can be found in the Vedas - the ancient spiritual texts of the Hindus and the oldest books Mar 1, 2024 · Differences Between Vedic and Western Astrology. I am firmly with Vedic Indian astrology system, and there are many reasons for that. Mar 7, 2022 · The fundamental difference between Western and Vedic astrology is that the former follows the tropical zodiac, while the latter follows the sidereal zodiac. Western astrology focuses more on psychological traits, individuality, and self-development. It doesn’t matter how many degrees a planet has traveled through the sign. Vedic takes the perspective of 'these are your natal starting positions, now you can use this crystal, this metal, do things on this day For example, while Western astrology classifies people born between March 21 – April 19 this year as Aries, Vedic astrology classifies those born between March 3 and April 12 to be Pisces. The Vedic astrology sign dates readjust from time to time, shifting by one degree every 72 years. As a result, these two systems have slightly different zodiac dates. So, here we come to one of the big differences between modern Western Astrology and Vedic Astrology. In Sidereal astrology, the zodiac is aligned with 27 constellations, or fixed star groups. Vedic astrology incorporates the astrological accurate position of the stars. The basic difference between the two systems is that the Vedic zodiac is Sidereal and the Western is Tropical. While the form practiced today is something of a combination of the traditional Vedic and the Western astrology the same level of detail is still considered important, after all, in some countries and cultures these charts are still used Aug 10, 2023 · Vedic Astrology: In Vedic astrology, the zodiac is sidereal, which means it is based on the fixed positions of stars and constellations as observed from Earth. Some astrologers even work to combine both systems for a more inclusive reading. Astrology is fluid — not black and white. Some astrologers resonate more with tropical and some with Vedic and we should respect both groups. However, in Vedic astrology the Sun will be in Pisces on this date. It radiates energy and illuminates the path, signifying one’s aspirations and sense of self-realization. Western Astrology: Western astrology uses a tropical zodiac system, which is Vedic Astrology. . And it’s true, the sun is not in the Mar 4, 2024 · In Western astrology, calculating your moon sign involves looking at the position of the moon at the time of your birth. Vedic astrology today favors the emphasis of the ascendant and the Moon over the Sun as well. The Vedas are a collection of hymns, prayers, and other sacred texts dated between 1500 and 1000 BCE. The Vedic system is a more accurate description of the placement of the planets in the heavens. Western astrology considers outer planets, asteroids, and other So that’s the difference you’re gonna have from your Western chart to your Baic chart 24. Oct 31, 2023 · Vedic Astrology and Western Astrology are two distinct systems with their approaches, techniques, and philosophies. Individual capacity for love in relationship. The signs are still 30 degrees whereas the constellations vary. In this article we will discuss about the great debate that is vedic astrology vs western astrology. Western Astrology does not use Dasha System. Charting the Course: Their Cosmic Maps Hindu astrology, also called Indian astrology, Jyotisha ( Sanskrit: ज्योतिष, romanized : jyotiṣa; from jyót 'light, heavenly body') and, more recently, Vedic astrology, is the traditional Hindu system of astrology. Sep 14, 2018 · In the most basic sense, Vedic astrology is known to put more emphasis on the Moon sign than the Sun sign. 33 million decades. If the development of the astrological systems were rooted in the actual placement of the stars relative to Earth, then Sidereal should work. So your ascendant and all your planets have moved backwards because they’re in different star groupings cuz of where the stars have moved to. Vedic astrology, also known as Jyotish, is an ancient form of astrology that originated in India. Indian or Vedic astrology uses a sidereal-based zodiac, which is currently 24 degrees different than the Tropical Zodiac (e. The two systems will be the same every 26,000 years approximately (25,772 years to be precise). Western Astrology is also influenced by the Egyptian Civilisation. Vedic astrology, also known as Jyotish or Indian astrology, stands firmly on the ancient Vedas and Hindu philosophy. But this doesn’t mean that Western astrology “isn’t real” or that Vedic astrology is “more accurate. Im really Sep 15, 2019 · The biggest difference between Western astrology and Vedic astrology is that they use two different systems to divide up the 12 zodiac constellations within a year. There are many types of astrology. Oct 11, 2015 · Herein lies the confusing overlay between Western and Vedic astrology. ”. Vedic astrology uses a different calendar. When comparing Vedic and Western astrology, one of the key distinctions lies in the zodiac system used. It places importance on the interaction between planets, signs, and houses to understand an individual’s personality and life events. Vedic astrology is not from the POV of the Western Hemisphere and it has it’s own intricate, 27 divided sky moon mansions called “Nakshatras”. In contrast, Vedic astrology places greater emphasis on karma, destiny, and spiritual growth. The Tropical year will be approximately 20 minutes shorter than the Sidereal year. To know more about Difference Between Vedic Astrology vs Western Astrology talk to our best Astrologers. co You haven’t studied Vedic astrology, so you wouldn’t know. Vedic Astrology is mor Aug 8, 2023 · House System: Vedic Astrology: Vedic astrology uses a system of houses called Bhavas, which are fixed and tied to the rising sign at the eastern horizon (Ascendant) at the time of birth. For male, we give preference to Jupiter and for female we give it to Venus. Thus, Vedic Astrology is pious and antique and believed to be the word of God passed on to the wise people in the past. Tropical signs ~ sidereal nakshatra interpreted with outstanding clarity & accuracy We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Western Astrology The Essence of Vedic Astrology. October 19, 2023 theastroveda. Vedic astrology is the ancient sister science of Ayurveda, and offers us a rich symbolic language complete with deities and myths assigned to each portion of the sky. Vic DiCara's Astrology. Vedic zodiac signs have more relevance to actual star constellations than do their Western counterparts because Vedic charts use actual fixed stars. Jyotish literally translates from Sanskrit as “the science of light. It’s like the robust espresso shot of the East. In contrast, Vedic Astrology places greater emphasis on fate and the concept of dharma (life purpose). This means that western astrology would always consider a person born right after the spring equinox as Aries whereas in Vedic astrology this would change every 2,500 years or so. As McDonough explains, Western astrology bases charts on the “tropical calendar” (which most of the world uses) and the four seasons, while Vedic astrology charts are calculated using something called the sidereal system, which looks at the changing, observable constellations. Moon in Vedic vs Sun in Western Astrology: A Brief Comparison Third, Vedic Astrology often focuses more on the moon, while Western Astrology gives a lot of attention to the sun. Western astrology is modern astrology, as made popular in Western culture. Whether you would go with Vedic Astrology or Western Astrology, the choice would be yours. Vedic astrology uses the science of nakshatras and a person’s moon sign to calculate suitable times for major life events. But for now, the Sun signs look at little something like this: Oct 31, 2023 · Learn about Vedic vs Western Astrology. Vedic astrology places great importance on the concept of karma and the understanding that our actions in past Another key difference between Western astrology and Vedic astrology is that the Vedic system does not traditionally use the outer planets beyond Saturn; namely Uranus, Neptune and the dwarf planet Pluto. [00:08:58] Backwards in the [00:09:00] VA from where your western placements are. To the East, we have Vedic astrology, also known as Indian astrology, and Chinese astrology. Vedic astrology looks at periods of time, rather than aspects and transits. For instance, if Jupiter is 15° into Leo, and Venus is 16° into Scorpio, then it would be considered a strong aspect. The broadest classification splits it into Eastern and Western. Vedic Astrology relies on the sidereal zodiac system and places a strong emphasis on karma, reincarnation, and specific planetary periods. It's all about your personality and how you express yourself. However, their distinct perspectives make them use different approaches. While both offer valuable insights into human nature and destiny, they differ in Jan 26, 2020 · Hellenistic Astrology started in Egypt around 1-2 BC and is the basis of modern western astrology with the 12 signs and 12 houses being used. Jul 4, 2020 · Vedic Vs Western Astrology | An animated Description. Western Philosophy is volatile, in the sense that, anything goes with Western astrology. Astrology has been a subject of fascination for centuries, with cultures around the world using various systems to uncover insights about the future and gain a deeper understanding of themselves. The essential difference between Western and Eastern astrology is the use of different zodiac systems. Light, in this context, refers to the light radiation coming from stars and planets. Western astrology isn't behind, it just uses a different coordinate system. Each Nakshatra has . In contrast, Western Astrology utilizes a tropical There are many differences between Vedic Astrology and the more commonly known system practiced here in the West - Tropical Astrology, also known as Western astrology. Tropical Astrology: The Basics. • Vedic astrology is used to predict future according to the change of houses, while KP astrology Aug 18, 2022 · There are two main schools of astrology- Vedic and Western. While I have a lot of respect for some Western ast rologers like Linda Goodman and Liz Green etc. In Vedic astrology, aspects are measured by the entire house. This system uses a 12-sign zodiac, but the signs are aligned with the actual positions of the constellations. To determine your moon sign using Western astrology, you May 20, 2020 · While Vedic astrology uses the Vimshottari Dasha system to time the movements of the planets and calculate the planetary transits; Western astrology studies the planetary movements to calculate the transits of various planets. Vedic astrology, also known as Jyotish, is an ancient Indian system that has its roots in the Vedas, sacred texts of Hinduism. The main difference that tropical has from the sidereal is a 24-degree discrepancy that affects the former’s calculation of the celestial bodies. In three dimensional relationship we analyse three factors. The tropical zodiac (Western) is essentially fixed to the seasons, whereas sidereal (Vedic) is essentially fixed to the stars. But, in the real world, they do not possess the same character traits. Jyotish, often referred to as Vedic astrology, is a profound and ancient system of divination that has its roots deeply embedded in the rich tapestry of Indian culture and philosophy. Western astrology takes up the system of sun signs and focuses on the personality, behavior and traits of an individual. As indicated by Vedic Astrology there are 27 groups of stars comprised of 12 zodiac signs, 9 planets, and 12 houses with each house and planet addressing some part of human existence. com/Want to learn Vedic Astrology from Joni? Join my online University of Vedic Astrology to become a Being a Vedic Astrologer & knowing some western Astrology, I would like to share my perspective. In Vedic, we first give preference to the Ascendant ruler and Ascendant. In the more distant past, Western astrology was oriented more to the ascendant than the Sun if it had to be limited to one sign. What is interesting is that in addition to planets, they also include the lunar nodes. Western Astrology, on the other hand, is like the cappuccino that’s taken the world by storm, with its origins in ancient Greece and Babylon. Dec 16, 2016 · Vedic Astrology applies the Vimshotarri Dasha system (a method to time the planetary system) while analyzing the planetary transits for future events. May 10, 2023 · Sharing is Caring. Aug 22, 2017 · Vedic astrology gives importance to the date and time of birth of a person to calculate about the important events in his life. Oct 19, 2023 · The Ancient Science of Vedic Astrology. • In Vedic astrology, the predictions seem to be the same for the people born with same lagna/rasi. What it means is that the rules pertain to the Vedic philosophy and the astrologers must be accustomed to living the life of a Vedic Brahmana. For example, in Western astrology, the yearly zodiac calendar is divided up into 12 astrological seasons. Nov 2, 2021 · We understand that Vedic astrology adjusts the signs for precession while Western astrology keeps every sign at fixed times of year no matter what. Vedic vs Western Astrology is a topic that can be simplified in a way understood by common people. Western astrology places significant emphasis on the Sun sign, which is determined by the position of the Sun at the time of birth. THe way Kundali or Birth chart is made are different styles. Beyond that, there are subcategories of astrological systems, many The main discrepancy between the two types is that Vedic astrology uses the fixed zodiac, while Western astrology uses the moving zodiac. Vedic astrology is lunar focused. Vedic Astrology employs a sidereal zodiac, which is based on the actual positions of the stars and constellations in the sky. Western Astrology, on the other hand, uses the tropical Oct 26, 2020 · Vedic astrology is incredibly in-depth and has been used in an evolving form for nearly four thousand years. Vedic astrologers believe that the Vedas provide the basis for Vedic astrology, while Western astrologers rely on scientific principles to explain how astrology works. It is one of the six auxiliary disciplines in Hinduism that is connected with the study of the Vedas . On the other hand, it studies planetary transits based on their advances and movements. May 3, 2024 · But the way Vedic and Western practices split up these sections differs. Get an online astrology consultation by the world-renowned astrologer Mr. The origin of Vedic astrology was developed by the sages in ancient times. When the Sun’s apparent orbit crosses the equator The planets. It's the system most familiar to people in the Western world. This is a short animated description of the major difference between Vedic (Hindu) and Western Astrology Feb 14, 2024 · I have often been questioned about Western astrology versus Indian (Vedic) astrology. The reason behind this whole article Vedic vs western astrology is to share the reasoning behind this whole comparison. It is the foremost scripture on the Earth that represents the different zodiac signs. Western Western astrology follows the same aspects for all planets, whereas Vedic astrologers use special aspects of each planet. Western astrology and Vedic astrology have different systems for the calculations of the placement of Planets in Signs. Indian/Vedic Astrology . It’s become common knowledge that Western astrology has evolved into more of a tradition at this point. This is known as the tropical zodiac, and it begins with Aries when the sun reaches the This is more of a recent cultural phenomenon due to the popularization of horoscope columns. Saturn (Shani): Often referred to as the taskmaster of the zodiac, Saturn embodies Sep 26, 2023 · What is the difference between Vedic astrology and Western astrology? Understanding the Philosophical Foundations: Vedic Astrology vs. Western astrology seems to be pretty decent at determining psychology, but I have seen it be used successfully for predictions and compatibility. A solar-based approach can be used to better assess a person's personality and characteristics. Oct 27, 2023 · Vedic Astrology, also known as Jyotish, is the ancient Indian system tracing its roots back to sacred scriptures. When either a Western person or an Indian person identifies themselves as being born under a particular Nov 17, 2023 · One of the significant differences between Vedic and Western Astrology lies in the calculation techniques used to create birth charts and interpret celestial positions. It delves into personality traits, relationships, and individual growth. Vedic astrology Aug 5, 2019 · In both Western astrology vs Vedic astrology, 360 degrees are divided into 12 signs. Hence, an individual whose sun sign is Pisces can have Nov 8, 2022 · My Magazine Website https://astrologyinsightsmagazine. Western […] Jul 19, 2020 · Third, Vedic Astrology comes from Vedic thoughts and philosophy since it is rooted in the Vedas. 2. In contrast, Vedic astrology uses the sidereal zodiac, which is based on the position of the stars. The apparent orbit of the Sun around the earth which also governs the seasons determine the start and endpoints of each zodiac sign in the Tropical zodiac. Western astrologers take all the major planets into consideration that also include Pluto, Neptune, and Uranus. Sep 14, 2022 · Sidereal Astrology Vedic astrology, spirituality and healing. The moon sign, or Rashi, defines a parson in Vedic thoughts. This method takes into account the movement of the moon through the zodiac signs and assigns a specific sign to represent your emotional nature and innermost feelings. Follow us on Instagram and Youtube for more Astrological videos. This divergence will cause the relative start and end points of the zodiac signs to be See full list on tinyrituals. One of the key differences between Vedic and Western astrology lies in the zodiac system they use. Whereas, Western astrology is highly influenced by Egyptian Culture. Jan 3, 2024 · In conclusion, the disparities between Vedic Astrology and Western Astrology are primarily rooted in their calculation methods and interpretations. Reply; Lakmal April 20, 2013 at 5:27 pm. Synastry part. Vedic astrology follows the sidereal zodiac, which is based on the actual positions of the constellations in the sky. Some say the sages of that interval noticed way more than we do now, and some say those sages returning then were frequented by people from other planets who trained them the technology of world's and forecasting through their activity, like the society of Anunnaki ‘Those who came When someone wants relationship reading, it just not one way. Nov 9, 2021 · 05:09 Retrograde in Western Astrology vs Vedic Astrology. We do not use the outer planets – Neptune, Pluto Oct 31, 2022 · Vedic astrology is a branch of the Vedas, an ancient body of Hindu texts. Western astrology focuses on the Sun's position in the sky when you were born, which determines your Sun sign - like Aries, Taurus, etc. Western astrology s based on a Western astrology tends to focus more on psychological profiles and the exploration of one’s inner self. Western astrology places emphasis on the twelve zodiac signs and their symbolism in relation to an individual’s personality and life events. Rather than stages of seasonal attributes in western astrology. Vedic Astrology: A Brief Overview. Being largely predictive, Vedic astrology, also known as Jyotish, uses a sidereal zodiac, unlike the solar-based zodiac used in Tropical Nov 12, 2018 · When you Learn Astrology, you can be clearer about these differences. 5. yi gm ng gb fw ug et dv sc nb