The Allen Human Reference Atlas – 3D, 2020 is a 3-dimensional annotated parcellation of the adult human brain. In total, 127 transcriptomic cell types were identified. Table 1. Differential Search. Available via the Allen Brain Allen Brain Atlas Citation(s) Hawrylycz, MJ et al. The atlas includes 141 brain regions spanning the complete volume of the MRI reference brain “ICBM 2009b Nonlinear Symmetric”, a non-linear average of the MNI152 database of 152 normal brain images. This is the online help for the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain web application. Trends Neurosci. Ligand-gated ion channel activity. It was created from a single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNAseq) dataset of ~2. Moreover, we also provide the registration of the reconstructed volume to MNI space, bridging the gaps between two of the most widely used atlases in histology Download; Download Atlas Image Human Atlases; 34 yrs, Whole Brain. G-protein coupled receptor. Acute stroke: speech arrest. Driving breakthroughs in neuroscience through advanced computation, data management technologies and Apr 1, 2019 · While some of the available human gene expression atlases span multiple brain areas, only the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) offers high resolution coverage of nearly the entire brain, comprising expression measures for more than 20,000 genes taken from 3702 spatially distinct tissue samples. The database contains electrophysiological , morphological, and transcriptomic data measured from Our focus on neuroscience began with the launch of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in 2003, which led to the creation of the widely-used Allen Brain Atlases. tgz) through the NIH BrainSpan Project, with detailed descriptions of data acquisition in the Technical Whitepapers . Explore cell properties and access detailed experimental data using the feature browser below. How to: BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. As the Allen Institute and its collaborators continue to add new modalities, species, and insights …. The Aging, Dementia and TBI Study was made available online in 2016, with a corresponding publication that describes the project: Miller J. RNASeq :: Allen Brain Atlas: Cell Types. Such atlases represent a key step towards understanding the functional genomics of the nervous system and provide a transcriptional baseline for 10x RNA-seq gene expression data (part 1) #. (2012) The Allen Human Brain Atlas: comprehensive gene expression mapping of the human brain. Key features include an “all genes, all structures” RNA microarray survey that is spatially mapped to an MRI reference space, in situ hybridization image data at cellular resolution for selected genes in targeted brain regions, and an annotated human Jan 8, 2024 · ISH data is available for five distinct studies: The Cortex Study (1,000 Gene Survey in Cortex), Schizophrenia Study, Autism Study, Subcortex Study and Neurotransmitter Study. Table 1 below summarizes the composition and purpose for each of these controls. 1. 31126. January 5, 2024. You will need to be connected to the internet to run this notebook. How To Allen Brain Atlas API. Advanced search and visualization tools. brain-map. These parcellations were drawn by Song-Lin Ding, and adapted from his prior 2D version of an adult human brain atlas. You can also use Gene Search with Boolean operators on specific field names using Boolean Syntax Query. February 22, 2024. 624. Jan 8, 2024 · Download Page. Key features: In situ hybridization image data with cellular-level resolution. In 2021, we launched the Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, a neuroscience division Jan 11, 2020 · The Allen Human Reference Atlas - 3D is a parcellation of the adult human brain in 3D, labeling every voxel with a brain structure spanning 141 structures. 1105. The Brain Explorer 2 software is a desktop application for viewing the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas gene expression data in the framework of the Allen Reference Atlas (ARA). The short answer is that you cannot download all the z-scores at once, but you have two choices to get them: If you are looking at a search result in the app when z-scores are currently being shown, then you can download data for your current view by clicking on the download data button at the bottom of the page. Expression data for over 20,000 genes were sampled from Human M1 10x. FGF signaling pathway. Jun 28, 2024 · 1035. The indexed set of images for the entire genome is based on RNA in situ hybridization data, and is searchable and sortable by gene, age, expression Nov 16, 2021 · The Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) is an open-access online resource containing whole-brain microarray gene expression data obtained from post-mortem tissue samples of six adult human donors (https://human. About the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. Downloading Atlas Images And Graphics. 4 million cells after QC) and is hierarchically organized Jan 9, 2024 · Documentation: Allen Human Brain Atlas Document Description Microarray Survey Overview of methods for the microarray survey Microarray Data Normalization Description of normalization methods used for the microarray survey In Situ Hybridization in the Human Brain Atlas Overview of methods for ISH studies Gene List A complete list of genes characterized by ISH in adult human brain studies Case Jan 8, 2024 · Atlas Drawing and Ontologies. We recommend that you download atlas images using the AllenSDK, a Python package containing tools for accessing and using our data. 1 alleninstitute. org page 2 of 11 and a Human Brain Atlas control (HC), at n = 2 per control per batch. No account or login is required. image 724×827 18. An atlas of the brain defines the shape and location of brain regions in a common coordinate space. The data provided in this initial data release represent the most extensive and detailed body of information about gene activity in the human brain to date Jan 10, 2024 · April 10, 2024. This is the online help for the Allen Human Brain Atlas web application. The brain cell database is a survey of biological features measured from single cells, in human and mouse. A. Allen Brain Cell (ABC) Atlas. The development of the atlas faced a combination of great The NIH Blueprint Non-Human Primate (NHP) Atlas consists of a suite of gene expression data, neuroanatomical data and informatics tools for exploring the cellular and molecular architecture of the developing rhesus macaque brain. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) 2,157 nuclei. The Allen Mouse Brain Atlas is a comprehensive genome-wide map of the adult mouse brain that reveals where each gene is expressed. SvenOtto January 8, 2024, 5:13pm 1. Summary information on specimens, neuropathology, and quantification of protein and isoprostane. 4 - 3. 5 KB Related Topics Cell Types: Overview of the Data. Beginning with our Allen Mouse Brain Atlas—a molecular map showing where all genes are expressed in all regions of the mouse brain—the Allen Institute has produced a collection of open science resources that give users a powerful way to explore gene expression data, neural connections, single cell characterization and neuroanatomy. 35:711-4. Planar View :: Allen Brain Atlas: Human Brain. For electrophysiological and morphological analyses in the cortex, cells are selected based on soma shape and laminar location. To accomplish this, we are leveraging advances in next-generation single-cell molecular profiling technologies developed through the BRAIN Initiative and at the Atlases and Ontologies. The BrainSpan atlas was developed by a consortium consisting of the Allen Institute for Brain Science; Yale University (Nenad Sestan, Mark B. February 9, 2024. Macaque. They are the spatial framework for datasets such as in situ hybridization, cell projection maps, and in vitro cell characterization. Operating System: Microsoft Windows 7 CPU: Intel Core Duo or AMD Brain Explorer® 2. Shen, EH et al. These The Allen Brain Cell Atlas (ABC Atlas) aims to empower researchers worldwide to explore and analyze multiple whole-brain datasets simultaneously. Dorsolateral Geniculate Complex (LGd) 2,190 cells. Using the Brain Explorer 2 software, you can: View a fully interactive version of the Allen Human Brain Atlas in 3-D. Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway. The Allen Spinal Cord Atlas is an interactive database of gene expression mapped across all anatomic segments of the mouse spinal cord at postnatal days 4 and 56. April 10, 2024. Jan 23, 2020 · Many people find the digital reference atlases generated by the Allen Institute to be useful tools for educational, programmatically-accessible visualization and analysis. Downloading the entire dataset (about 4GB) can take a long time depending on your internet connection speed! If you don’t want to download all the donors you can provide the subject IDs of the donors you want as a list (e. Compare with other reference atlases and datasets. These parcellations were drawn on the MRI reference brain volume “ICBM Contact Brain Atlases Support here or email us at support@ebrains. MapMyCells now features its first human reference data set: Seattle Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Cell Atlas (SEA-AD) MTG - 10x single nucleus RNAseq. The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a unique multi-modal atlas of the human brain, integrating anatomic and genomic information and coupled with a suite of visualization and data mining tools. Microarray sampling sites (~400-1000 sites per brain) were identified by expert anatomists using cytoarchitectural information from multiple histological stains. View gene expression data in 3-D: inflated cortical surfaces are colored by gene expression values of Feb 2, 2019 · What if you want to download these data for a whole atlas? There are a couple of ways to go about this: 1. 2. 489:391-9. Jan 8, 2024 · The Brain Explorer 2 software is a desktop application for viewing human neuroanatomy and the Allen Human Brain Atlas microarray gene expression data in 3-D in the framework of the Magnetic Resonance Images of the sampled brains. [3] The mouse brain atlas was the original project of the Allen Brain Atlas and was finished in 2006. Jan 8, 2024 · Image Download Service AtlasImage Download Service Download whole or partial two-dimensional images from the Allen Institute with the Image and AtlasImage Download Services. Apr 30, 2021 · The framework is used for accurate 3D reconstruction of two stains (Nissl and parvalbumin) from the Allen human brain atlas, showing its benefits on real data with severe distortions. Oct 9, 2012 · The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a multimodal atlas of gene expression with visualization and data-mining resources that enables researchers to uncover connections between structure, function, and molecular biology, and shed light on human brain function in normal and disease states. All Rights The Allen Brain Atlas (ABA) is a Web-based, three-dimensional atlas of gene expression throughout the adult mouse brain, compris-ing a genome-wide image database of in situ hybridization (ISH Downloading the entire dataset (about 4GB) can take a long time depending on your internet connection speed! If you don’t want to download all the donors you can provide the subject IDs of the donors you want as a list (e. Filter by Gene Name, Gene Symbol or Entrez Gene ID. The ABC Atlas aims to empower researchers worldwide to explore and analyze multiple whole-brain datasets simultaneously. Since its inception, the Allen Institute for Brain Science has assessed gene expression in the brain of mouse, human, and non-human primate in developing, adult, and aged individuals. org; Allen Institute for Brain Science, 2013; Hawrylycz et al. Accessing 10x RNA-seq gene expression data. Brodmann; Cortex - Gyral; Human Brain Atlas Guide; Nissl; Mouse Atlases; Adult, 3D Coronal; P56, Coronal; P56, Sagittal Gene Expression. Gerstein); the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute of the Keck School of Medicine of TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER ALLEN Human Brain Atlas MARCH 2013 v. ABC Atlas User Guide. New Data & Tools: MapMyCells. Copy the text below or bookmark this link: MRI Viewer. The Dataset The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a unique multi-modal atlas of the human brain, integrating anatomic and genomic information and coupled…. For further details see the news release by the Allen Human Brain Atlas. 1009. This is the online help for the ALLEN Reference Atlases and the web-based tools that can be used to access them. Download. Cells are acquired from donated ex vivo brain tissue dissected from temporal or frontal lobes, based on anatomical annotations described in The Allen Human Brain Reference Atlas. BrainSpan - Downloading Data. Data for each experiment is conveniently packaged in Neurodata Without Borders (NWB) files that can be downloaded via the Allen SDK. Reference Atlas Viewing Tools. Data and Technology. Choose among the following options for retrieving the Microarray ISH Data MRI Download Brain Explorer Documentation Help. Gerstein); the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute of the Keck School of Medicine of Dec 8, 2023 · 342. This brain cell database contains a survey of biological features derived from single cell data, from both human and mouse. Search. org Microarray Survey brain-map. 0 million cells profiled (~1. Acute stroke: speaks nonsense words, "fluent aphasia" (time-lapse movies) Acute stroke: writes, but can't read, "alexia without agraphia". The Allen Brain Cell Atlas (ABC Atlas) aims to empower researchers worldwide to explore and analyze multiple whole-brain datasets simultaneously. MR and diffusion tensor imaging data is also available in downloadable TAR Archive files (. [All Cell Features] Search. These files require a large amount of memory to be available to load and analyize them if care is not taken. How to: Allen Human Brain Atlas. Enter Gene Name, Gene Symbol, NCBI Accession Number or Entrez Gene ID. Using the AllenSDK lets you easily download and organize many atlas images or SVG. Beta version. Subacute stroke: hesitating speech, "transcortical aphasia". Anatomic reference atlas. Allen Human Brain Atlas. Allen Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework (CCFv3, Wang et al, 2020) is a 3D reference space is an average brain at 10um voxel resolution created from serial two-photon tomography images of 1,675 young adult C57Bl6/J mice. As the Allen Institute and its collaborators continue to add new modalities, species, and insights to the ABC Atlas, this groundbreaking platform will keep growing, opening up endless possibilities ISH Data: Reference Atlas: AGEA: Brain Explorer: Related Studies Sleep; Mouse Strains; Documentation: Help This initial data release consists of 58 experiments. The S3 bucket is located here arn:aws:s3:::allen-brain-cell-atlas. Microarray Data :: Allen Brain Atlas: Human Brain. This division is in a 16-year phase focused on multimodal characterization of brain cell types. Alternative Background Images; Cortex - Mod. Brain Explorer® 3-D viewer. A 3D interactive viewer to explore brain atlases, as well as tools for integration into workflows, spatial anchoring, and atlas-based data analysis have been developed by the Human Brain Project (HBP) and are accessible via EBRAINS. Hypoxia response via HIF activation. org Microarray Data Normalization brain-map. In 2021, we launched the Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, a neuroscience division The Allen Human Brain Atlas has an online viewer for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data to view specimens contained in the atlas. The Mouse Whole Brain Atlas is a high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial cell-type atlas across the entire mouse brain, integrating several whole-brain single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. This notebook provides examples and functions for accessing the 10X expression matrix data stored in the ABC Atlas. Show exact matches only. Jun 9, 2011 · This tutorial provides a brief orientation to the data and basic features of the Allen Human Brain Atlas, a multi-modal atlas of gene expression in the adult The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a unique multimodal atlas of the human brain, integrating anatomic and genomic information. The BrainSpan atlas is a foundational resource for studying transcriptional mechanisms involved in human brain development. [more] Our focus on neuroscience began with the launch of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in 2003, which led to the creation of the widely-used Allen Brain Atlases. Close. System Requirements Windows Minimum Configuration. The available options for downloading the microarray data include downloading the entire normalized data set for each brain by clicking on the text links in the box (as seen in the image below), or using the XML or CSV link to download the individual raw microarray data files. Using the Brain Explorer 2 software, you can: View a fully interactive version of the ARA in 3-D. Microarray ISH Data MRI Download Brain Explorer Documentation Help. In this notebook, we present an example of how to access specific gene Jan 10, 2024 · The download page allows you access to supplementary data associated with the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. A genome-wide, high-resolution atlas of gene expression throughout the adult mouse brain. Zipped Folder with Expression and Metadata - Mouse LGN. Moreover, we also provide the registration of the reconstructed volume to MNI space, bridging the gaps between two of the most widely used atlases in histology OCTOBER 2013 v. Gene Search. The Seattle Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Cell Atlas (SEA-AD) consortium strives to gain a deep molecular and cellular understanding of the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The purpose of the atlas is to aid in the development of neuroscience research. Here, we summarize the current features of this Atlas Data Download :: Allen Brain Atlas: Aging, Dementia and TBI Study. All of Microarray ISH Data MRI Download Brain Explorer Documentation Help ISH Data MRI Download Brain Explorer Documentation Help Cerebrovascular Disease (stroke or "brain attack"): NEW: Multiple embolic infarction, diffusion and FLAIR imaging. GABA receptor. 7554/eLife. View gene expression data in 3-D at 200 μm 3 resolution. The datasets contain a total of ~4 million cells passing rigorous quality-control (QC) criteria. The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a freely available multimodal atlas of gene expression and anatomy comprising a comprehensive 'all genes-all structures' array-based dataset of gene expression and complementary in situ hybridization (ISH) gene expression studies targeting selected genes in specific brain regions. Join the Brain Atlas Space in the EBRAINS Community. Each experiment contains data from up to six Neuropixels probes recording in cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. To efficiently handle data transfer and download, the 4 million cell 10X dataset, was subdivide into 24 expression matrices where cells are grouped by 10X chemistry (10Xv2, 10Xv3 and 10XMulti) and the broad anatomical region from where the cells were dissected from. Allen Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework (CCFv3, Wang et al, 2020 ) is a 3D reference space is an average brain at 10um voxel resolution created from serial two-photon tomography images of 1,675 young adult C57Bl6/J mice. . Jan 8, 2024 · The “Brain Explorer” link, when selected for the first time, will take you to a page where you can download the Brain Explorer® 2 3-D viewer software. In 2021, we launched the Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, a neuroscience division The Brain Explorer 2 software is a desktop application for viewing the human brain anatomy and gene expression data in 3-D. Data associated with the Allen Brain Cell Atlas is hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS) in an S3 bucket as a AWS Public Dataset. (2017) Neuropathological and transcriptomic characteristics of the aged brain , Elife 6 doi: 10. The Brain Explorer 2 software is a desktop application for viewing the human brain anatomy and gene expression data in 3-D. It is part of a multi-year project to create a census of cells in the mammalian brain. 738. As the Allen Institute and its collaborators continue to add new modalities, species, and insights to the ABC Atlas, this groundbreaking platform will keep growing, opening up endless possibilities May 24, 2010 · The Allen Institute for Brain Science announced today that it has launched the Allen Human Brain Atlas, a publicly available online atlas charting genes at work throughout the human brain. Select Cell Features. Brain atlases provide spatial reference systems for neuroscience that allow navigation, characterisation and analysis of information based on anatomical location. Jan 10, 2024 · This information includes the structure (click to be taken to the reference atlas) and donor information, gene information including gene name and symbol (Click to be taken to the exon level data), Ensembl ID, gene expression (in log2 RPKM) and a link to related data in other Allen Brain Atlas resources. Analyses so far suggest that over 80% of genes are expressed somewhere in the human brain, with high conservation of expression among human individuals (95%), and between mice and humans (79%) [3]. This data set includes single-nucleus transcriptomes from 76,533 total nuclei derived from 2 post-mortem human brain specimens, to survey cell type diversity in the primary motor cortex ( M1C or M1). Key features: Microarray data providing an "all genes, all structures" survey in multiple adult control brains Our focus on neuroscience began with the launch of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in 2003, which led to the creation of the widely-used Allen Brain Atlases. Brodmann; Human Brain Atlas Guide; Nissl; Mouse Atlases; Adult, 3D Coronal; P56, Coronal; P56, Sagittal The BrainSpan atlas is a foundational resource for studying transcriptional mechanisms involved in human brain development. A Forum post The Brain Explorer 2 software is a desktop application for viewing the human brain anatomy and gene expression data in 3-D. (2012) An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the adult human brain transcriptome. et al. Image Download Service The Image download service serves whole and partial two-dimensional images presented on the Allen Brain Atlas Web site. , ['9861', '10021']) instead of passing 'all'. Jan 1, 2022 · The framework is used for accurate 3D reconstruction of two stains (Nissl and parvalbumin) from the Allen human brain atlas, showing its benefits on real data with severe distortions. Once the Brain Explorer program is loaded, clicking on the “Brain Explorer” icon will launch a desktop software application for viewing the Atlas gene expression data in three dimensions. using the AllenSDK. Using multimodal reference data, the entire brain parcellated directly in 3D, labeling every voxel with a brain Explore the mouse brain connectivity in 3D with this interactive tool. It provides spatial context for gene expression in the Allen Human Brain Atlas and the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain. Structures And Ontologies. Using multimodal reference data, the entire brain parcellated directly in 3D, labeling every voxel with a brain Dec 8, 2023 · The Allen Mouse Brain Atlas offers the following ways for you to find gene expression data: Use Gene Search to locate genes’ data by name, symbol, NCBI accession number, or Entrez Gene ID. View gene expression data in 3-D: inflated cortical surfaces are colored by gene expression values of Oct 14, 2009 · The Allen Brain Atlas, a Web-based, genome-wide atlas of gene expression in the adult mouse brain, was an experiment on a massive scale. org page 1 of 21 ALLEN Human Brain Atlas TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER: MICROARRAY SURVEY The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a publicly available online resource of gene expression information in human Brain Science Management. Hedgehog signaling pathway. Mouse Differential Search. Meet the team. The reference atlases are neuroanatomical guides to accompany Allen Institute data and are also useful as stand-alone resources. Leading and organizing institute-wide efforts in deciphering the cellular and circuit organization of the mammalian brains, and how it changes in development, evolution, and diseases. Some images can be downloaded with expression or projection data. The 2D coronal reference atlas is annotated on Nissl sections from a 34-year-old female based on a modified Brodmann nomenclature. A set of high resolution digital reference atlases have been created to provide neuroanatomical context to in situ hybridization, microarray, RNA-sequencing and axonal projection data. About the Allen Spinal Cord Atlas. Please refer to the In situ hybridization white paper in the Allen Human Brain Atlas Documentation tab for details. Glioblastoma 1,209 nuclei. This research was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of Getting started. Nature. The following information is available for download in tabular form as comma-separated values (csv) files: De-identified clinical information (including Alzheimer’s These anatomical reference atlases illustrate the adult mouse brain in coronal and sagittal planes of section. Search for genes with enhanced expression by Jan 8, 2024 · The Allen Human Brain Atlasis a multimodal atlas of the human brain that integrates anatomic and microarray-based gene expression information. View gene expression data in 3-D: inflated cortical surfaces are colored by gene expression values of It is anticipated that the Allen Human Brain Atlas will be used in small and large-scale applications to examine diseases and disorders, such as obesity, Parkinson’s disease, autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis — as well as those exploring how the healthy brain works. Ion channel activity. The Allen Human Brain Atlas is a unique multi-modal atlas that maps gene expression across the healthy human brain. Are these available? This post explains how to produce printable versions of the human and mouse brain reference atlases. Funding Support. It includes microarray data providing an "all genes, all structures" survey in multiple adult control brains and in situ hybridization image data comprising multiple datasets from disease and control cases and totaling over Dec 1, 2012 · The Allen Human Brain Atlas was then utilized to show high expression of this gene in visual cortical regions relative to all other regions [7]. Moreover, we also provide the registration of the reconstructed volume to MNI space, bridging the gaps between two of the most widely used atlases in histology Feb 22, 2019 · Citation also must include the name of the Allen Institute. Key features include an “all genes, all structures” RNA microarray survey that is spatially mapped to an MRI reference space, in situ hybridization image data at cellular resolution for selected genes in targeted brain regions, and an annotated human Single Cells from Human Brain. Explore the interactive atlas of the human brain with high-resolution images, annotations and tools. Overview Cell Feature Search RNA-Seq Data Documentation Acknowledgements Help. Zipped Folder with Expression and Metadata - Human LGN. The Allen Institute for Brain Science Sep 19, 2012 · The goal of the Allen Human Brain Atlas is to create a comprehensive map of transcript usage across the entire adult brain, with the emphasis on anatomically complete coverage at a fine nuclear Home Developmental Transcriptome Prenatal LMD Microarray ISH Reference Atlas Download Documentation Help 2024 Allen Institute for Brain Science. eu. g. The Allen Human Brain Atlas has an online viewer for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data to view specimens contained in the atlas. Huntington disease. Cortex - Modified Brodmann 15 pcw, Whole Brain; Neuroanatomical Guides; Human Brain Atlas Download cell feature data. 106 coronal sections at 0. 7 alleninstitute. 0. February 1, 2024. Alternative Background Images; Cortex - Gyral; Cortex - Mod. A 3D interactive viewer to explore brain atlases, as well as Apr 15, 2024 · Hi @jinkuizhu,. H0351. , 2012). Control samples for each array batch. Compare different brain regions and visualize the projection patterns. Mouse. 4 mm intervals Hongkui Zeng, Allen Institute for Brain Science. The BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain is designed as a foundational resource for studying transcriptional mechan…. But some people want to use a ‘classically printed’ atlas, on paper or in a PDF.
mi te rj kh tm mv qk ae xx vj