Dominican republic environmental issues Oct 5, 2020 · <p>Santo Domingo. Nov 2, 2020 · Street scene in the Dominican Republic. 2. The main environmental problems in the Dominican Republic are deforestation, the extinction of biodiversity, and poor management of solid waste and sewage. As a result, this research study investigates the Explore the evolving landscape of environmental and sustainability laws in the Dominican Republic, which play a vital role in protecting natural resources and promoting sustainable business practices. As part of the Caribbean’s ecological heart, it is home to stunning coastlines, lush rainforests, and diverse wildlife. Feb 20, 2025 · In the face of ongoing debate over the pros and cons of mining, Environment Minister Paíno Henríquez has called for the Dominican Republic to establish a clear national policy on mining and the use of mineral resources, as reported in Hoy. ” Mar 29, 2021 · A safe and healthy natural and built environment is fundamental to children’s health and represents a significant determinant of community well-being. “The Dominican Republic needs to decide what we’re This report discusses the affects of rapid economic growth and increased urbanization on the environmental quality of the Dominican Republic's natural resource base (e. , water resources management--water quality, quantity and watershed management and solid waste collection and disposal have become major environmental concerns). WRM issues associated with tourism include: dumping of untreated waste water and solid waste along the coast, overexploitation of groundwater , destruction of forest cover, and overfishing of coral reef and marine species. The diversity and depth of interdependence between the Dominican Republic and the United States means that insecurity and instability in the Dominican Republic has Aug 7, 2017 · The report Haiti-Dominican Republic: Environmental challenges in the border zone is available in English, French and Spanish online here. The country finds itself This environmental problem of the Dominican Republic will deal with those challenges that are considered of highest importance for the Caribbean country, challenges that require immediate attention from the Dominican people in order to secure a future that is environmentally, socially just and economically a future here the island's population Strengthening institutional capacity for the implementation of the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm and Minamata Convention and SAICMBreaking Barriers:Strengthening Chemical Management in the Dominican RepublicThe ChallengeIn 2016, when it applied for funding from the Special Programme, the Dominican Republic had challenges implementing global conventions on chemical and waste management. Natural disasters have had a huge financial impact in the Dominican Republic, since individual hurricanes have cost up to 14% of gross domestic product (GDP) in damages (2). Environmental Standard on Groundwater Quality and Subsurface Discharges: Regulates the quality of groundwater and subsurface discharges to prevent contamination of these vital resources. We aimed to identify and prioritize environmental health concerns within resource-poor neighborhoods in the Dominican Republic using free-listing and semi-structured focus groups composed of parents and caregivers in the perirural community of Aug 7, 2017 · The report Haiti-Dominican Republic: Environmental challenges in the border zone is available in English, French and Spanish online here. This post delves into the evolution of conservation efforts, details key protected areas, and outlines laws safeguarding endangered species. Analysis in English on Dominican Republic about Agriculture, Climate Change and Environment, Drought, Flood and more; published on 30 Nov 2023 by World Bank Jul 1, 2019 · The Dominican Republic, one of the world’s top tourist destinations, has decided to act. There are 356 garbage dumps in the same critical conditions, for which the approval of the Solid Waste law that will allow the final disposal of garbage to be sustainable and efficient. by Jan Lundius (santo domingo)Monday, November 02, 2020; Inter Press Service; SANTO DOMINGO, Nov 02 (IPS) - When President Luis Abinader arrived at his inauguration in an electrically driven car as a symbolic gesture of his Government's intentions to make sustainable development one of its main objectives – he signalled Sep 18, 2021 · Environment - current issues: water shortages; soil eroding into the sea damages coral reefs; deforestation. Download the country's Climate and Development report. Implementing conservation strategies, sustainable land use practices, and reforestation efforts are crucial steps to protecting the environment and ensuring a more resilient Dominican Republic Environmental and Social Safeguards Issues Paper: Upstreaming Environmental and Social Risk Management Dec 12, 2008 · Communities in 10 southern provinces of the Dominican Republic are feeling the benefits from the collective activities of small growers of organic coffee. Jan 1, 2024 · Dominican republic Country Commercial Guide Learn about the market conditions, opportunities, regulations, and business conditions in dominican republic, prepared by at U. Nov 2, 2024 · Island authorities have gone ahead of those of this country in fighting the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the waste, including obstructions to drains that proliferate mosquito breeding grounds with more excellent transmission of diseases, including dengue fever, which is currently out of control in the Dominican Republic. - According to the Gallup-RCCMedia survey, the Dominican Republic faces three main problems today: Citizen Security: 62. The study first considers the context of the Dominican Republic and then Feb 15, 2023 · María Pérez, an award-winning Dominican author and teacher, highlights the beauty of the Dominican Republic’s natural environment in her books. May 12, 2021 · Santo Domingo, May 12, 2021 - The Dominican Republic’s Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources signed a landmark agreement today with the World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), unlocking payments of up to US$25 million for verified carbon emission reductions between now and 2025 through the country’s emissions reduction program. This comprehensive overview highlights the vital balance between economic growth and environmental protection, outlining necessary permits, reporting standards, and case studies of compliance. 5 million people. Moreover, in the eyes of scientists as well as the UN, shifting to sustainable Sep 24, 2020 · A Q&A guide to environmental regulation in Dominican Republic, including the main governing regulation, protection laws, liability for environmental damage and more. Environmental Standards in the Dominican Republic. - The Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources in the Dominican Republic has announced its National Action Plan for Comprehensive Management of Marine Waste, with the goal of ridding the nation’s seas and coasts of locally sourced plastics by 2032. 2019 ends for this province with a cluster of pending issues, vital to maintaining the pace of development that allows it to remain an attractive destination for nationals and foreigners, with issues such as the landfill, municipal market, and historic downtown, with no solution. The World Bank has supported Other environmental problems affecting the Dominican Republic include drift-net fishing, whereby the net is anchored to the boat and left to float with the tide. Many of the What they are, why they matter, and how to combat them. Feb 5, 2025 · environmental challenges. The metropolitan area of The Dominican Republic’s economy continued its path towards recovery in 2023 and it is projected to transition into acceleration mode in 2024-2025. Aug 29, 2024 · Fernández, the Country Representative and Program Director for Counterpart’s Dominican Republic office, boasts over 20 years of experience in environmental and sustainability issues. Nov 9, 2024 · The Dominican Republic has begun to tangibly experience the effects of climate change, with increasingly intense weather events, record temperatures, and environmental alterations that threaten biodiversity and Dominicans’ livelihoods. On the other hand, tourism harms the Dominican Republic's water resources and environment. It is the second-largest Caribbean nation by area (after Cuba) at 18,705 sq. Definition: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. With the support from USAID and the U. Such cities face more immediate problems than the developed world and have fewer resources to deal with them. Teachers team up with local experts to explain the many sustainability efforts of Dominican residents, such as the organic farming and farm-to-table production of Taino Farm. Deforestation, reduced biodiversity, pollution of rivers and streams from industrial, livestock, and household waste, and the country receiving solid waste from other nations are the primary environmental issues according to researchers. The The purpose of this technical note is to identify key environment and safeguard-related risks and opportunities that should be taken into account in the new Country Strategy for the Dominican Republic (DR) as required by the IDB's Environment and Safeguard Policy approved in January 2006. This environmental dictionary of the Dominican Republic will deal with those challenges that are considered of highest importance for the Caribbean country, challenges that require immediate attention from the Dominican people in order to secure a future that is environmentally harmonious, socially just and economically viable, a The Dominican Republic is one of the most exposed countries in the world to disasters caused by natural phenomena and, as such, is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Dominican Republic - Environmental issues paper Dominican Republic is becoming more conscious of the environment and they have put forth laws to protect it. Dominican Republic * Home * Calendar & Events * Transportation * Weather * Maps * Pictures These activities will enable the Dominican Republic to implement the provisions of relevant multilateral environmental agreements, as well as continuing to build the country’s institutional capacity for managing safer chemical use. Dominican Republic environmental issues. The Dominican Republic is vulnerable to natural disasters, which are exacerbated by climate change. The diversity and depth of interdependence between the Dominican Republic and the United States means that insecurity and instability in the Dominican Republic has A satellite image of the border between the denuded landscape of Haiti (left) and the Dominican Republic (right). May 30, 2009 · 'Before any evaluation, the companies interested in building hotels are required to present an environmental impact study that includes all the elements established under Law 64-00,' Joselin Livian, deputy secretary for the environment and natural resources in the neighbouring province of Barahona, told Tierramérica. In 2020, Luis Abinader of the Modern Revolutionary Party was elected president for a four-year term, the first transfer of power from one party to another in 16 years. 65 million and Haiti. This paper provides information and analysis on the environmental issues facing the Dominican Republic so that the Bank can take into account potentially significant environmental risks and opportunities that aim at supporting economic growth, while at the same time encouraging long-term environmental sustainability. Threats to Biodiversity The primary threats to the Dominican Republic’s ecosystems include the loss of natural habitats, primarily due to agricultural and livestock expansion, tourism development, mining, and energy Apr 23, 2024 · Climate change and its impacts, economic constraints and dependence on natural resources are some of the challenges related to climate and development in the Dominican Republic. The Dominican Republic is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. To rectify the above problems, the country established the Secretariat for the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARN) in 2000, bringing all public institutions dealing with environmental issues under one roof. That is why the project technicians, likeJosefina Beltré, choose the properties they want to regreen with such precision. Air pollution is becoming a significant issue in the Santo Domingo Metropolitan Area (Gran Santo Domingo), where 38% of the country’s population resides and much of the country’s economic activity is concentrated. MENU. 6% of respondents identified issues related to robberies, assaults, gangs, and overall crime as the primary concern. Jan 6, 2020 · <p>Puerto Plata, DR. Feb 20, 2025 · The success of environmental policies like the EUDR is not dependent on its stipulations, but its ability to engage with the stories and motivations that shape the agricultural landscapes they seek to protect. This initiative aims to achieve its objectives through improved urban waste management, raising public awareness, and Negotiations towards a free trade agreement (FTA) between Canada and the Dominican Republic (DR) were launched on June 7, 2007. These conservation efforts ensure the preservation of the Dominican Republic’s environmental treasures for future generations. Deforestation in Haiti occurred primarily during the colonial period, and later after the Haitian Revolution to pay a post-independence war indemnity to France. Although their This Environmental Issues Paper (EIP) is intended to expand our knowledge of the country's most pressing environmental issues, its institutional and legal framework for . Hurricanes, drought, flooding, heat waves, rising sea levels, and wildfires have affected the country in the last decade. The Dominican Republic's new environmental law raises a number of environmental issues that developers and businesses operating in the country need to consider. This method wipes the ocean floor clean of marine species and result in over harvesting and dredging. Today's world faces many environmental challenges. In response to escalating threats from natural disasters, global communities prioritise resilience and effective disaster management systems. This report discusses the affects of rapid economic growth and increased urbanization on the environmental quality of the Dominican Republic's natural resource base (e. Explore the overview for a general context of how climate change is affecting Dominican Republic. of great impact on the population. This comprehensive overview covers key legislation, regulatory bodies, compliance requirements, and future trends shaping the country's environmental framework. It is along this 380 km border that there is the most contact between the two populations, and the Nov 13, 2019 · We aimed to identify and prioritize environmental health concerns within resource-poor neighborhoods in the Dominican Republic using free-listing and semi-structured focus groups composed of parents and caregivers in the perirural community of Consuelo, Dominican Republic. Parks and protected areas. Title: Dominican Republic Natural History and Environmental Issues in the Tropics 1 Natural History and Environmental Issues in the Tropics Dominican Republic - Caribbean Sea Maymester 2007 2 Our trip begins 3 (No Transcript) 4 In the Historic Capital of Santo Domingo 5 Jaragua National Park 6 Jaragua National Park Hike to the beach 7 Mar 24, 2024 · <p>LLYC, a global corporate affairs and marketing firm, presented the report “Dominican Context: Challenges for the business environment,” revealing the country’s main reputational risks for the current year. tourism to fuel economic growth, addressing above environmental problems becomes a national priority. Forest… Nov 7, 2023 · <p>Santo Domingo. Increasing Temperatures. The Monday, 13 January press conference is one that everyone living in the Dominican Republic should listen to in full. The Apr 4, 2024 · Ahead of the Dominican Republic’s elections, IPS spoke to Miguel Ceara Hatton, Dominican Minister of Environment and Natural Resources, about the challenges of protecting the environment as climate change and social change impact it. The Dominican Republic has environmental problems in the areas of deforestation, water supply, and soil erosion, and as the eroding soil enters the sea, it damages the nation's coral reefs as well. 2% of respondents mentioning it as the second Mar 29, 2019 · This article brings the contemporary thinking and practice of Urban Environmental Management (UEM) to the solution of real problems in a major city of a developing country in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Credit: Ben Albano / Unsplash. S. This comprehensive analysis evaluated over 3 million digital mentions, identifying the most critical challenges facing the Dominican Republic in public and private spheres. The Strategic Plan for Climate Change 2011–2030, which was adopted with the intention of decarbonizing the economy and Addressing the environmental challenges in the Dominican Republic calls for bold, innovative solutions and adaptable policies that address both current and future needs. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC | THE LINK BETWEEN POVERTY AND ENVIRONMENT: AN INNOVATIVE TOOL FOR SDGS MONITORING AND EVALUATION IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 133 in the same geographical spaces and result from certain causes and environmental determi - nants that require resources and the coordination of sectoral public policies. This essay will explore the main causes and consequences of the environmental crisis facing the Dominican Republic, as well as potential solutions to ensure a sustainable future for generations to come. The country is expected to experience a rise in mean temperature. The Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is located on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean. Women participate in the production and sale of the coffee, and their sons and daughters are pursuing studies in order to improve the sector's productivity. Individuals in the Dominican Republic can make a significant impact in addressing climate change and environmental issues through various actions: 1. This pace of growth is characterized by being 60% higher, on average, than the global figure, and is aligned with the country’s growth trajectory projected before the pandemic. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry: Nov 13, 2024 · Explore the importance of environmental regulations in the Dominican Republic, focusing on sustainable development, compliance obligations, and the key laws guiding natural resource management. Nov 13, 2024 · Explore the comprehensive conservation policies in the Dominican Republic, showcasing the country's commitment to protecting its rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. Severe levels of armed violence have resulted in significant instability, with food insecurity, sexual violence, civilian casualities, and restricted freedom of movement plaguing the nation. Jul 27, 2022 · Punta Cana, once an uninhabited jungle at the eastern tip of the Dominican Republic, has become a global icon of mass tourism and of the environmental damage caused by its uncontrolled As far as the environment of Dominican Republic is concerned, there have been water shortages; soil eroding into the sea damages coral reefs; deforestation. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Haiti (Josh, 2016). Renewable Energy Law (Law No. The presentation focused on new developments underway that will have an impact on everyone living in the country. Explore the area’s rich biodiversity while learning how reforestation and ecotourism efforts have significantly helped replenish the land. The Dominican Republic is a representative constitutional democracy. Furthermore, it discusses the role of government agencies and In the Dominican Republic, common environmental legal issues in transactions often include ensuring thorough EDD to identify existing liabilities such as contamination or regulatory non-compliance. Sep 24, 2001 · Costs of an environmental impact statement or environmental impact study are to be borne by the developer, and are considered public documents subject to disclosure. Deforestation, pollution, biodiversity loss, and climate change are just some of the threats endangering the country's ecological balance. Jochi Vicente, the head of the Treasury, explained that the Overall, addressing deforestation in the Dominican Republic is essential for mitigating these environmental issues and promoting sustainable development in the country. 57-07): Promotes the use of renewable energy sources in the Dominican Republic. May 9, 2020 · <p>The polluting smoke that still emanates from the Duquesa landfill after eleven days is not the most serious problem that the country has in relation to the management of solid waste. We are one of the most biologically diverse countries in the Caribbean We are one of the most biologically diverse countries in the Caribbean Jan 26, 2022 · The findings led the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources to order the closure of the plant in 2000, following heightened international media attention – staining the Dominican Republic Introduction. Aug 12, 2024 · Against the backdrop of increasing global pressure for sustainability, the Dominican Republic is faced with the problem of reconciling economic expansion with environmental protection today. - Environment Minister, Orlando Jorge Mera, affirmed Sun. In 1981 USAID sponsored the first Country Environmental Profile (CEP) in the Dominican Republic. These bonds achieved a rate of 6. It shares a border with the Republic of Haiti, making it one of two Caribbean islands that are split by two governments; the other is Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten. The selected films will address many of these global concerns including pollution, Learn about issues of environmental sustainability in the context of the Dominican Republic. In 2021, the Dominican Republic recorded one of the highest growth rates in Latin America, expanding its economy by more than 12%, and is expected to register a 5% GDP-growth for 2022, despite ongoing global economic turmoil. My time in the Dominican Republic has shown me that they often share more roots than we’d expect. Conclusion. However, it also faces significant environmental challenges, including deforestation, coral reef degradation, and waste management issues. The official said those and other issues must be addressed with the seriousness they deserve and Dominican Republic Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. Nov 9, 2023 · <p>Santo Domingo. Gain Nov 13, 2024 · This blog post delves into the state of pollution control and waste management in the Dominican Republic, highlighting the environmental challenges faced by the country due to urbanization and industrialization. mi. It covers key regulations regarding air and water pollution, land contamination, and waste management strategies. Solid waste management has been recognized as one of the main environmental problems in the Dominican Republic. Students will explore the terrain, from lush national parks to sandy beaches, while discussing the most pressing environmental issues. Engage in service-learning outside of Santo Domingo with local community partners to create water filtration systems for community residents. On this island are two countries, the Dominican Republic with a population of 10. ). Trek into the central highlands of the Dominican Republic where mountainous landscapes, coffee plantations and alpine pastures stretch as far as the eye can see. The object of this current research effort is to update, on the basis of secondary data sources, the 1981 work. Displacement cases have Jan 24, 2024 · Recent unprecedented events worldwide, such as floods in Dubai, recurring heavy rainfall in Santo Domingo, and abrupt temperature changes in the United Kingdom (UK), underscore the tangible impacts of climate change. For the last two decades that seminal study has been the only comprehensive analysis on the state of the Dominican environment. Specifically learn about reforestation efforts and issues related to air and water quality. cit. The Dominican Republic (Spanish: República Dominicana) is a Latin American country that occupies the eastern two-thirds of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. The Dominican Republic Environmental Film Festival will provide audiences the opportunity to watch 17 of the most inspiring and educational environmental international films of the year, and to learn about pressing issues the world’s ecology is currently facing. Jun 27, 2013 · This report presents the findings, conclusions and recommendations of an 18 month long assessment of the border between the two countries that share the Caribbean island of Hispaniola – Haiti, the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and the Dominican Republic, a middle-income country. Navigating the transfer of environmental permits and approvals to new owners or operators is also crucial. This paper addresses best practices Dominican Republic, Climate Volatility Dominican Republic: Adapting to Climate Change by using Sustainable Agriculture Lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean is an island called Hispaniola with a population of 21. Nov 8, 2024 · Climate scientists are warning policymakers across the globe that climate change, biodiversity loss and declining ocean health are leading to the collapse of critical ecosystems. UN sources report that, as of 1993, the nation was losing 20,000 hectares per year of its forest lands largely due to commercial interests. Dec 20, 2024 · The Dominican Republic offers a unique backdrop for environmental studies. Nov 26, 2024 · How Is Dominican Republic Going To Be Impacted By Future Climate Change. this study focuses on the pathways by which environmental problems and the use or abuse of natural resources may threaten the Dominican Republic’s stability and security. . Together with the United Nations (UN), they are calling on nations to immediately transition their economies in a sustainable direction. Nov 13, 2024 · Explore the comprehensive framework of environmental regulations in the Dominican Republic aimed at protecting its natural resources. Impartial outside observers assessed the election as generally free, fair, and orderly. agencies’ professionals The Dominican Republic is located on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean. High Cost of Living: Inflation and the rising cost of living are a significant concern, with 61. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) seeks to minimize environmental threats to human well-being from the environmental causes and consequences of conflicts and disasters. Although the balance of the year has been and is highly positive in terms of the arrival of Oct 4, 2024 · UNITED NATIONS, Oct 04 (IPS) - Over the past few months, the escalation of gang violence and mass displacement in Haiti have been of great concern for humanitarian organizations. This insightful post emphasizes the importance of adhering to environmental laws for sustainable development The Dominican Republic is highly vulnerable to climate change, including to extreme natural events and slow-onset changes, such as rising temperatures or forest degradation, which impact important economic sectors and society, especially the poor and vulnerable populations. May 4, 2022 · Dominican Republic’s biggest ever tourism project faces thorny issues Santo Domingo. Dominican Republic, as a Small Island Developing State (SIDS) has suffered the impacts of climatic events, particularly storms and hurricanes, followed by periods of drought, with increased frequency and intensity over the last years. It emphasizes the crucial role of community involvement and government initiatives in Dominican Republic develops a high-efficiency stove project in the border area between Haiti and the Dominican Republic in order to avoid deforestation and increase forest cover in that region, reducing emissions from deforestation, and also increase the standard of living of the border rural population through cleaner air and a reduction in Nov 8, 2022 · <p>According to the international report “Economic Outlook for Latin America 2022,” the Dominican Republic is one of the nations in the world most vulnerable to climate change because the vast majority of its population is exposed to unhealthy levels of air pollution. Learn about the types of environmental violations, the penalties for non-compliance, and the impact of these violations on communities and ecosystems. , and third by population (CIA, op. This increase can affect agriculture and water resources. October 2018 project update Jun 26, 2024 · <p>Santo Domingo. The study first considers the context of the Dominican Republic and then reviews issues of poverty alleviation, industry, sewage and sanitation, water, energy, transportation and finance in Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic. An FTA with the DR could deliver commercial benefits across many sectors of the Canadian economy, including a range of agriculture and agri-food products (e. Despite its natural beauty and biodiversity, the country's ecosystem is under threat due to unsustainable practices, urbanization, and industrialization. Learn how local and international Abstract: The purpose of this technical note is to identify key environment and safeguard-related risks and opportunities that should be taken into account in the country strategy for the Dominican Republic (DR) as required by the IDB's Environment and Safeguard Policy approved in January 2006. frozen french fries, pulses, meats), natural resources and information and communication technology. that to solve the problems that affect the sector, it’s necessary to prioritize issues such as water production, solid waste treatment, river and air pollution, deforestation and others. Jan 18, 2023 · Growth rebounded following the Dominican Republic’s response to the pandemic, triggering a rising trend. g. Feb 1, 2024 · The Dominican Republic received more than seven million tourists between January and August 2023, 25% more than in the same period in 2022, according to data from the Ministry of Tourism. Jul 28, 2024 · The Dominican Republic should continue promoting green and sustainable financing instruments and schemes to conserve destinations as natural and sustainable assets and enhance the value of local experiences and environmental sustainability. - On the outskirts of the Pedernales government office, a pro-government demonstration is taking place and a man holds a colorful handwritten sign that reads: “Cacti, mesquite and guasábaras are not above man. Embassies worldwide by Commerce Department, State Department and other U. 70%, approximately 15 basis points lower than what would have been achieved with other non-thematic financing instruments of a similar term. The dredging practice where you deepen a water way can cause destruction to the reefs. Promoting sustainable practices: Individuals can reduce their carbon footprint by using public transportation, biking, walking, or carpooling instead of driving alone. STOCKHOLM, Apr 04 (IPS) - In 2020, general elections were held in the Dominican Republic. To set the country’s tourism sector on a path of sustainability, the government has pledged to reduce marine and land-based pollution, cut the consumption of materials, and diminish waste arising from tourism. - The Dominican Government, through the Ministry of Finance, has issued green bonds for the first time in its history, totaling US$750 million. This was considered by Jan 14, 2025 · The Ministry is now under Minister of Environment Paino Henriquez, appointed in August 2024. tiqxk xovmc trsnpwf bddmfpky znr yzumxd jocm bdmirrn ktcjz whrps uxwvio ebhly bvexkgbo iagohec cxpsnp