Commodore 64 basic poke. Vision BASIC was created by American programmer Dennis Osborn and released in 2022 for the Commodore 64. The course originally in English, presented in 1982, has been translated into Italian and is divided into two sections, a first part beginner and a second advanced part. 2023-06-12. Specifically Commodore BASIC (AKA Microsoft BASIC) on the Commodore 64. Commodore 64 - Compendio di Basic, Videogiochi, Riviste, Recensioni. Jan 12, 2022 · Addeddate 2022-01-12 23:48:02 Identifier computes-commodore-64-128-power-basic Identifier-ark ark:/13960/s23wbxwscbx Ocr PEEK e POKE, in informatica, sono due istruzioni utilizzate nel linguaggio di programmazione BASIC per accedere al contenuto di un particolare indirizzo di memoria. I have owned both back then and now. Lets put it in about the middle of the screen. commodore-64; basic; Share. Remark: This article describes the BASIC command DELETE in Commodore BASIC V3. I didn't bother calculating the minimum necessary, but this wipes out about 20K of RAM with zeros, definitely clearing out the 8192-16191. The C64 Diagnostic Tool, powered by the iconic C64 Diagnostic Instruction Manual, smoothly guides you through ICs and components, tackling technical challenges and bringing your classic computing joy back to life. 10 poke 204,0: rem cursor on 20 ifpeek (207)then20: wait until the right moment 30 poke 204,1: rem cursor off. IF. Roberto 24-07-2002. . Jul 11, 2019 · 12. Processor port data direction register. Since Commodore 64 graphics resolution is 320×200 hi-res dots, there are 64000 dots on the bitmap screen. In VICE that would be CTRL or Tab respectively. app on OSX). The core is based on 6502 Microsoft BASIC, and as such it shares many characteristics with other 6502 Run your new 7-Zip application, and open the VICE file you just downloaded. Information. 5 was installed on ROM as a bespoke package and was a huge improvement on the BASIC supplied for the C64. 8. Dec 5, 2008 · 21. Microsoft BASIC version 3. Remark: This article describes the BASIC command POS in BASIC V2 at the Commodore 64. Back in the day, I used to write machine-language subroutines for the Commodore 64 that I would then call from a main program written in BASIC. To celebrate the BASIC (Beginners' All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) turning 60 years old, I'm releasing a big update to my old Bunny Basic from 2019, now called Hare Basic. You are playing against Samantha Fox, a well k Remark: This article describes the BASIC command PEEK in BASIC V2 at the Commodore 64. Originally Posted by jared. POKE 775,171 Causes Computer to Crash If a LIST Command is Attempted. Jul 8, 2018 · The address SOV-3 contains a zero byte signaling the end of the last BASIC program line. PEEK and POKE. " This was one of very few warnings about C64 BASIC published in Apr 5, 2018 · POKEing characters on screen. If you want to use cursor keys you also need to check for shift key (peek (653)) 10 sh = peek (653) and 1. It was written in CBM prg Studio, so if you use any other IDE you may have to change the screen codes. Any number on the chart may also be displayed in REVERSE. Basic (Computer program language) I. Share this post on. May 21, 2023 · Besides the famous 10 PRINT, one of my favourite type-in programs from the Commodore 64 User's Guide is "More Bouncing Balls" in which a ball bounces off the Oct 21, 2019 · Please note that the example in your documention uses printchr$ (13) where print alone is sufficient: Use address 214 and 211 to place the cursor. The code below works to move the ball to the right of the screen when X > 255, but then I run into trouble when the ball comes back and X < 0. It can only be executed in direct mode. Usually you will move the cursor with the cursor keys. Aug 31, 2020 · Virtual C64 Keyboard: Activate an on-screen keyboard to type in anything, just like on a real C64. To poke in C64 Basic V2 means to write a value to a memory address and therefore it has to consist of an address ranging from 0 to 65535 and a parameter ranging from 0 to 255. Remark: This article describes the BASIC operator AND in BASIC V2 at the Commodore 64. We can also convert the sprite we drew to Basic. Several versions Price: 49 U$ / 59 U$. POKE 1024,1 This example will display the char A into the left upper corner (0 row, 0 column). 6. It is the music “Yankee Doodle”. Jan 14, 2011 · by hippo » Sat Jan 15, 2011 7:25 am. ). ) The bitmap itself is 8000 bytes in a row, beginning at location 8192. The SID can be programmed in BASIC or machine language using a machine language monitor or an Assembler package (e. Tulkin hitauden takia BASIC-ohjelmat kykenevät melko vaatimattomaan audiovisuaaliseen toimintaan, joten konekieliset Hollywood Poker is a Commodore 64 poker cards game released in 1987 by Golden Games. The dummy argument is mandatory, but it does not have any effect on the result. Write the wordDATAatthendofeachrow. com Thanks fo Sep 17, 2022 · Which is why I remember being surprised. The Commodore 64 features hardware sprites, and some VIC-II registers are used to control them. Commodore 64 color codes (hex, dec) Feb 13, 2024 · Poker along with a range of other classic games such as Chess, Monopoly, Backgammon etc have long been a mainstay and inspiration for early computer games. For funzies, POKE 53280,X changes the border color and POKE 53281,X changes the background color. Poke allows you to put things into memory, while Peek allows you to examine the contents of memory locations. Joystick 1 On/Off : Switch Joystick 1 on or off (keyboard mapping is WASD + Left Shift). , London The shape of the envelope defines the characteristics of a sound in a manner very similar to the way that harmonic content defines a sound. 0. Always through the command save, we can type the file name. Switch Joysticks : Toggle between joystick ports as needed. For example: POKE 53281, 0 would set the screen background to black. REM ** CO$: Desired blinking color. com primarily focuses on the Commodore 64 software preservation but we are planning to add Commodore 16 / Commodore Plus / 4, Commodore VIC-20, and also Commodore PET games and software library in the near future. The 4 kB Character ROM chip inside your Commodore 64 has 512 (= 2 x 256 per set) tiny little 8x8 bitmaps in it. So, this must be left intact. Aug 28, 2019 · POKE and PEEK were used a lot in the Commodore 64 BASIC V2, as it was completely lacking in high-level commands to manipulate the screen, sprites, IO and so on. These commands allow you to access and manipulate the contents of memory locations. POKE 808,225:POKE 818,32 Disable Runstop/Restore & LIST. DELETE. 1 Only. For example, say I have a routine that just returns a character while blinking the cursor. PEEK è una funzione che restituisce il valore memorizzato nella cella di memoria specificata mentre POKE è un comando che serve per effettuare la corrispondente operazione di scrittura. e. The volume setting ranges from 0 to 15 but you'll use 15 most of the time. · Disk-The single disk unit uses standard SIf4-inch floppy diskettes, about the size of a45RPMrecord, to store programs nd data. Notes: As Rob Hubbard didn't want to get associated with the game he used alias "John York" in credits. The memory locations beginning at 54272 are mapped on the Commodore 64 to the registers of the SID (Sound Interface Device). For example, poke 1024,33 will turn the set pixels red, and the clear pixels white in the top-left cell of the bitmap. Whilst such criticisms have a certain validity, this 'weakness' was in many ways the strength of the C64. Follow edited Oct 13, 2017 at 18:31. you come up with a vision (built of blood, sweat, tears and. For the 16K block suggested for use with BASIC, this means that screen memory starts at 23552 and the bitmap starts at Sep 2, 2018 · When run, the above program produces a random maze: This is definitely the coolest thing you have ever seen. NEW command doesnt clear the screen, just the memory. To turn on a specific point on a graphic "page", you can. 2. 50 poke 53248,160 60 poke 53249,100 70 poke 53264,0 And finally, the data for the sprite image. There are also new chip replacements that emulate the SID like SIDKick pico or SwinSID . Clearing the bitmap screen means, of course, setting to zero all the bytes making up that screen. Language: English. Right now the performance gets worse the Apr 2, 2022 · How to combine/merge/join to Commodore 64 BASIC programs using POKE and PEEK commands. POKE 788,52 Disables Stop Key and TI$. In this episode we are going to look at the magic of pokes - More specifi POKE 53272, screen memory block * 16 + bitmap block * 8. Address(hex, dec) Description. 0 (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code Version 2). There is a fast way to place the cursor on a line and column of your choice. It's easiest to outline the shape first and then goback andfill in thegrid. Number down theleft side of thegrid 1-21 for eachrow. This is sort of essential. Poke and Peek commands are unique to the Commodore 64 and are not Jul 26, 2010 · The piece is called 10 poke 54272+int (rnd (1) *25),int (rnd (1) *256) : goto 10 and is 18 minutes of sound produced by a Commodore 64 emulator running the BASIC program that is the title of the piece. When the condition is false then the BASIC interpreter will ignore the rest of the BASIC commands in the line. Run the VICE Commodore 64 emulator by double clicking on the x64 icon (x64. The following works great: Code: Select all. Anirog. In computing, PEEK and POKE are commands used in some high-level programming languages for accessing the contents of a specific memory cell referenced by its memory address. Jun 14, 2002 · POKE 775,168 Disable List Command. g. AND (Disambiguation) . After turning on the C64, there are 38911 free characters (i. Nowfill in thegrid with any design or usetheballoon that wehave. Hare Basic is a fast, limited instruction set, integer-only basic interpreter (not a compiler) for Commodore 64 and VIC 20. Just use PEEK to read out the parts of the screen you're trying to save, then print those bytes as DATA statements. You’ve now made it through the first four chapters of the Commodore 64 manual, including the chapter titled “Advanced BASIC,” so you’re feeling pretty proud of yourself. [1] Sep 24, 2018 · Commodore 64 (Computer) -- Programming, BASIC (Computer program language), BASIC (Computer program language), Commodore 64 (Computer) -- Programming Publisher Grand Rapids, MI : Abacus Software Collection commodore_c64_books; folkscanomy_computer; folkscanomy; additional_collections Language English Dec 8, 2017 · Programming sprites on the Commodore 64 is quite simple, even with Commodore BASIC V2 (the built-in BASIC interpreter). Aug 23, 2002 · The C64 has a 320x200 screen, so one byte is enough for the Y coordinate, but obviously, we need more for the X coordinate. There are reintroduced disk commands, while sound and graphics (although significantly reduced in hardware) can be accessed without the need to PEEK and POKE . DELETE is a BASIC 3. Remark: This article describes the BASIC command IF in BASIC V2 at the Commodore 64. Title. (33 = %0010 0001 where each 4 bits specify a color code. In boolean expressions (such as the condition in an IF / THEN construct), AND yields the boolean value TRUE (numerical: −1) if, and Jul 26, 2010 · The piece is called 10 poke 54272+int (rnd (1) *25),int (rnd (1) *256) : goto 10 and is 18 minutes of sound produced by a Commodore 64 emulator running the BASIC program that is the title of the piece. To change colors of sprites or HiRes-graphics in BASIC the command POKE memory address, color code must be used. It's generally called several times from a managing routine. : Bytes) in the RAM-Memory (main memory). This results is a construct such as. 2) PRINT clear sets colors to red on black. 3) DIM A% (9999) clears out a whole bunch of RAM behind the BASIC program with zeros. And besides, the graphic characters you get while holding the commodore key is pretty much the same when you have the lower case set. The second phase is the decay. Mar 8, 2015 · Poke and Peek commands are two essential commands in Commodore 64 BASIC programming. POKE the line number minus one into address 214, then print a newline character. Since we need to merge PROGRAM 1 (currently in memory) and PROGRAM 2 (to be loaded) together, we must load PROGRAM 2 starting from address SOV-2. Rekrul. That is, 8000 bytes. May 24, 2010 · The regular screen locations 1024-2023 now specify the colors of on/off pixels. See the original with linked images. The parameter values are specified as a bit mask, so WAIT ing on a value of 32 will cause the program to continue when bit Jul 21, 2017 · This is usually a problem that must be handled with careful programming, but it can turn out to be a useful feature. Here is the complete list of Commodore 64 Basic V2 commands, functions and reserved variables, with a simple explanation. The program was released by Commodore on 1541 demo disks, so it was widely available (file program “M4 YANKEE” on German 1541 test Commodore 64 screen codes. Share. This way, we will overwrite the two bytes signaling the end of PROGRAM 1. C64R52 1983 001. PEEK and POKE in line 100 of a Commodore Basic program on a CBM 3016. C = PEEK(53281) Submitted by aeeben on 14 May 2024. Now mount the virtual disk from your USB thumb drive like so: File > Attach Disk Image > #8… and locate the THEC64-drive8. By writing values into specific addresses we can display graphics, play sound, modify the behaviour of the operating system or even crash the computer if we're not Use in BASIC [edit | edit source] By using the BASIC command POKE, any of the 256 chars of the C64 can be placed in the video matrix. bradleyphotography@hotmail. One more bit per sprite is packed into byte 53264, giving a 9-bit X coordinate. Mar 8, 2024 · You can also write your own programs! Let's take a closer look at the built-in BASIC. If you have a copy of Machine language programming on the Commodore 64 by Lothar Englisch, you can find the source code of a simple Some useful POKES simple BASIC commands explored, expanded upon, and experimented withshort, sweet, simple!dr. Jul 8, 2018 · While looking for a good BASIC music routine, a little catchy tune popped-up on my mind. Thedata sette canalso be used to play pre-written programs. Commodore BASIC, also known as PET BASIC or CBM-BASIC, is the dialect of the BASIC programming language used in Commodore International 's 8-bit home computer line, stretching from the PET (1977) to the Commodore 128 (1985). Categoria: Programmazione. The programming environment includes features such as a Typ: Function General Programming Syntax: RND (<Number>) The function RND generates pseudo random [1] floating point numbers in the range of 0. 5 or higher. We will learn how to use two most powerful instructions in BASIC - Peek and Poke. The function POS determines the actual position of the cursor between 0 (first, leftmost column) and 79 (last, rightmost column in the second line) of the logical line on screen. Ensure the first program to be appended has lower line numbers than th May 23, 2013 · Commodore C64 Book: COMPUTE'S Beginners Guide to C64 Sound (1984)(COMPUTE! Publications)[a] Dec 3, 2021 · C 64 memory map to easily find memory-related information you need. In this episode, I show you how to writ Jul 24, 2020 · Pokes & Peeks zum Commodore 64 by Liesert. According to the books I have poke 204,1 or any number except 0 will turn the cursor off. C64online. If you are using the bitmap and BASIC at the same time, use the following POKE: POKE 53272,120. Tape Loader. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. POKE 49152,173. "POKE I," would set the pointer to the destination address, but evaluating the expression "PEEK(I+1)" would clobber the pointer. Across the topwrite 128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1, three times (ashown) foreach ofthe24 squares. 95 Tape. This development tool provides over 100 new BASIC commands for bitmap graphics, sprites, characters, sound, interrupts, and more. For information on the assembler/machine language instruction of the same name, see AND (assembler) . Compendio di Basic. The reverse character code may be obtained by adding 128 to the values shown. A simple BASIC program by Jim Butterfield performs this tune on the Commodore 64. the letter A is number 1). Bits: Bit #x: 0 = Bit #x in processor port can only be read; 1 = Bit #x in processor port can be read and written. 3. Jul 23, 2021 · Posted on 23 July 2021 by Amedeo Valoroso. To turn "off" the volume, type: POKE 54296,0 You only have to set the volume ONCE at the beginning of your pro-gram, since the same setting activates all three of the Commodore 64's VOICES. You did not mention this initially. QA76. I found it easier to use BASIC as the higher-order controller over a set of ML functions that Advanced BASIC programming for the Commodore 64 and other Commodore computers. Depending on which graphics mode you enable, there are several different memory areas that will be accessed by the VIC-II in creating the display. It's much nicer to have boxes and frames around things on the screen than just boring text. In a wider sense, all C64 commands are BASIC commands. One of the criticisms leveled against the old Commodore 64 is that its built-in BASIC programming language was rather minimalistic, that is it had a shortage of commands and programming many tasks required POKE and PEEK or even machine code. Default: $2F, %00101111. A Apr 15, 2020 · 1) Set bitmap to 8192-16191, and screen to default. rem copy part of clear screen routine from kernal to datasette buffer, add rts. If you want to display a solid circle at location 1504, POKE the code for the circle (81) into location 1504 Sep 20, 2022 · The KERNAL provides an interface known as the full screen editor. This first episode is an introduction to programming in BASIC, then over the coming episodes the goal is to build up the game in stages, with other diversions along the way, which will teach you all the fundamentals of the language. For a Commdore 64 clear screen, try this instead: Code: PRINT CHR$(147) Yeah that worked, thanks. Peeks & Pokes for the Commodore 64. The first phase, called the attack, is the length of time it takes for the sound to reach its full volume. Improve this question. Conversely. Introduction to BASIC by Andrew Colin is a self-study course of the BASIC 2. Nov 24, 2010 · Alternatively pressing the key or CTRL key and the number 1-8 will change it in direct mode. Let’s have a tour at the various registers and locations Samantha Fox Strip Poker, for the Commodore 64, you play 5-card or 7-card stud poker, depending on the system. C64 online is an independent private initiative not supported and funded by any organization so you can help us in many ways. chicks. $0000 0. Then, we select Save as BASIC 2. rem tp = top line 0-24, bt = bottom line 1-25. Retail Price: £8. Welcome back, this is Part 4 of the Commodore 64 BASIC programming tutorial series. Thecapitalization POS. Jun 24, 2019 · Hi, I am learning some basic sprite movement at the moment, but I keep getting stuck using the POKE V+16 command to prevent illegal quantity. I finished my first C64 game in Basic. While the text screen system was originally designed to provide the hardware facilities for a "console" text screen, it is also widely used The Commodore 64 has its own operating system (short: OS), which is Commodore-BASIC V2. A simple snake clone. POKE 775,200 Disable List Command. 1. Emulation is the sincerest form of flattery. "glyphs") that are displayed in text mode, based on the "character codes" that are poked into the "screen memory". This is a simple compendium to remember all the commands, instructions and functions, when you already know how to use them! The Commodore 64's Basic V2 has far fewer instructions Jun 15, 2014 · The C64 can display two sets of fonts: either a combination of upper case and lower case letters (good for any kind of text), or a combination of upper case letters and graphics (default), known as PETSCII characters. POINT SETTING. These are the Screen Codes again. Jackrabbit Joyride. Remark: This article describes the BASIC command WAIT in BASIC V2 at the Commodore 64. Jan 10, 2022 · If you use BASIC (i. Unlike typical command line interfaces that limit your text input to a single-line editor, the C64's full screen editor allows you to freely move the cursor anywhere you want on the screen. For instance, you may use this utility to clear lines from 100 to 120, in steps of 5. The argument <number> can be positive, negative or zero. $0000-$00FF, 0-255Zero page. The first one inside that chip is the @ sign (= number 0), the second is the letter A (= number 1), etc. A character set is a body of information that describes the visual appearance of up to 256 characters: Since each character take 8 bytes of information, a full character set requires 256 × 8 bytes = 2 kB. Jun 12, 2023 · Extending Commodore 64 BASIC. Commodore computers-Programming. 0 (exclusive). The original version of this post was published on March 16, 2014. CHR$) you use the Screen Codes (i. Printing them will cause a change in screen layout or behavior, not an actual character displayed. POKE 788,49 Enable Syop Key and TI$. C64 BASIC Like most of the computers of the time the C64 had a very minimal operating system but it came with BASIC and booted straight into it. REM ** GET$ W/ CURSOR BLINK **. Typ: Integer-Function General Programming-Syntax: PEEK (<Memory address>) The BASIC function PEEK returns the memory contents of the specified address, which must be in the range 0 through 65535. We can use them to read from and write to the memory, which on C64 is not only used to store data. Any feedback would be great! : r/c64. I used the graphic characters in pretty much every basic program I made. If. Any feedback would be great! Hi, Here is the full code of my simple snake clone. Apr 20, 2022 · This video starts of a new series teaching you the fundamentals of programming BASIC on the C64 on the VICE emulator. Use the search fields to filter the C64 memory map by address or description. Another method we can use deals with POKEing screen codes on screen. In the above, sc is the screen code of the character to be plotted. This page uses inline images for faster display. By using RND (<positive number>) gives a different random number each time from a predetermined sequence (the Nov 10, 2018 · 20goto10 wrote: I am talking reading from the keyboard using PEEK (197) The game is in a constant loop, and is always reading keys to move my guy. PEEK gets the byte located at the specified memory address. This course was done in the same way for the other Commodore The Commodore 64-II and Commodore 128DCR (metal case) use the newer 8580 chip. for x=0 to 25:poke 828+x,peek(58692+x):next x:poke 854,96. La fonte di questo materiale e' costituita dai vari manuali This comment made me laugh "It's true that 95 % (at least) of all games looked and played better on the Commodore 64 than on the ZX Spectrum. In direct mode you can switch between the two by pressing CBM+SHIFT (i. If you wanted to run something, you had to get a disk drive (or cassette, or cartridge, but mostly disks) and buy some From BASIC, POKE 53272,21 will switch to upper case mode and POKE 53272,23 switches to lower case. 0 (inclusive) to 1. There is no way that at least 95% of all games looked better on the C64. Jan 31, 2020 · Each byte of screen space is replaced with 4 or 8 bytes in DATA statements, so a single screen of PETSCII ends up taking 8KB of BASIC code. This sets the screen memory block to seven, and the bitmap block to eight. Dec 7, 2017 · Or you can POKE 53272,23 and POKE 53272,21. Merlin, Commodore Assembler, etc. POKE 792,193 disable RUN-STOP/RESTORE. Includes index. If 1024 decimal is the screen memory base address, a character can be plotted on screen by using the statement: poke 1024+yp*40+xp, sc. d64 file on your thumb drive. Note: The BASIC line numbers can be used only in the range from 0 to 63999. The byte value returned will be in the range from 0 thru 255. WAIT. "Character memory" is the bitmapped definitions for each of the characters (e. " It is funny how people even many years later defend their platform of choice. 5 command that is used to delete a line range from the BASIC program text. POKE 54296,15. Oct 27, 2018 · To setup link reset routine: Code: Select all. For instance, you can delete lines ranging from a given line number to another line number, with the desired step. WAIT is a keyword in the built-in BASIC interpreter, which waits for a given memory location to match specific bit constellations. 64'2 83-15604 ISBN 0-89303-302-2 Prentice-Hall International, Inc. However - it's not hard to do. 0 programming language on Commodore 64. Nov 8, 2021 · The colors of the text can be changed directly with a key combination or with PRINT CHR$(value) alternative control characters. Check out screenshots, downloads, cheats and more info! May 28, 2021 · To keep the file in a format that we can upload again with SpriteMate, we type the file name and select the first option: save an SPM file. Jul 5, 2018 · The first one, starting from line 60000, can be used to delete BASIC lines from a given range. 4. Publication date 1986 Topics Commodore, C64, peek, poke, BASIC, programming, german Collection folkscanomy_computer_inbox; . The Commodore 64, also known as the from within a BASIC program except by means of POKE commands. (Changing the volume during a musical note or sound effect Commodore BASIC. To clear part of the screen and reset line link table: Code: Select all. If the condition produces a non-zero value, the statements after the THEN or GOTO are performed. The Commodore 64 uses a four-part sound envelope (see Figure 5). Limitations in extended color mode [edit | edit source] By using the extended color mode the size of the character REFERENCEGUIDENOTATIONSAND FORMATCONVENTIONS AstandardschemeforpresentingthegeneralformatofBASIClanguagestatementsisemployedinthis referenceguide. Datasette Recorder-This low cost tape unit enables programs and data t~bestored oncassette tap and , played back atalater time. If you want to change the background and screen colours on a commodore 64, you are just 2 poke commands away from doing it!53280,0 and 53281,0 will change bo May 29, 2020 · Actually it’s even possible to write an assembler in BASIC. Quella che segue e' una lista di operazioni piu' o meno comuni e di varia utilita' cui e' possibile accedere tramite il BASIC V2 del Commodore 64. The BASIC command IF is used to test a "condition". 397 1 1 gold A$ 30 POKE 19,0 40 PRINT:PRINT "YOUR NAME IS ";A$ Jos BASIC-ohjelmoija halusi käyttää spritejä tai muita Commodore 64:n grafiikka- ja ääniominaisuuksia, hän joutui käsittelemään suoraan muistia ja asianomaisten piirien rekistereitä POKE- ja PEEK-käskyjen avulla. However, I can imagine a BASIC interpreter that would use a common resource for PEEK and POKE (such as a precious pointer in zero page on a 6502). Commodore 64 (Computer)-Programming. As a result, POKE instructions are required for sprites programming. Jul 29, 2019 · The last usually relates to the first blink only. Commodore 64 memory map. Notes: Codes $00-$1F and $80-$9F are control codes. first draw the picture out on millimeter-size graph paper, then transform the "little boxes" into byte contents. lhdvhzrnhjohmvmansef
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