Aboriginal art symbols. $ 990. . Supernatural beings travelled over the empty land in an intricate web of Dreaming tracks, they created everything. 99. This lizard was used by the Aboriginals as a source of staple food as well as for medicinal purposes. With the help of Aboriginal artist and proud Yuin woman, Rheanna Lotter, we learned the meaning behind the meeting place, girls, boys, sun, moon and stars. Here she talks about recent questions she has had about Aboriginal art symbols, and whether symbols are linked across cultures and universal or more specific to a cultural group. Apr 28, 2024 · The use of symbols in dot art holds deep cultural significance, serving as a form of artistic expression that communicates the stories, traditions, and spiritual beliefs of Aboriginal communities. Aboriginal Art is rich and diverse. Whether etched into rock faces, woven into tapestries, or painted onto ceremonial objects, these symbols capture the essence of the Dreamtime, the sacred era when the The rock art sites show the history of the environment and the changes that have taken place over millenia, as recorded by Aboriginal artists. source: National Museum of Australia Aboriginal culture is the oldest continuous culture on earth. They can represent various elements such as people, animals, ancestral spirits, and geographic features. In our Aboriginal Art Lessons we learn how to create artworks inspired by the symbols, styles and stories of this enduring Australian art form. They were a way of communicating messages, like a language, so often we’ll find the same idioms or colloquialisms within the symbol meanings. [2] [3] Sep 30, 2020 · How to Read the Symbolism in Aboriginal Art. These elements serve to preserve and share the rich history, values, and beliefs of Aboriginal people, offering a window into their unique perspective of the world. Here are a few meanings behind the natural desert colours found in traditional Aboriginal Art: Aboriginal art is a treasure trove of symbols, each narrating stories and traditions, varying from region to region, and artist to artist. Depending on the artist's dreamings, this Aboriginal symbol has many meanings or interpretations. Languages: resources by language. The use of symbols, patterns, and colors can tell a story or represent an important cultural significance. Aboriginal art is a language in itself, communicating through beautiful patterns. Let's have a look at some of the most common Aboriginal art symbols you might come across. Aboriginal art is a rich and diverse tradition that has been passed down for generations. Styles: traditional, dot painting, contemporary. Rion. While the meaning of these symbols is often shared, they can change meaning within the same piece, and they can be different between different groups. This symbol is repeated in alternate steps across the picture plane to suggest the direction that the person is taking. Aboriginal Art Symbols The Dreaming is the focal point of Aboriginal religion and life. Jun 1, 2024 · Sarrita King. But all symbols used in regions have a long history, going right back to prehistoric times, and since that time they have been used consistently by the local people. rainbow or clouds heavy rain kangaroo tracks. To the untrained eye, Aboriginal art may seem like an array of cryptic symbols or patterns. Here, we explore everything you need to know about Aboriginal Art. 00. Interestingly, each individual artist had their own style in utilizing the common symbols but would still be understood by others in The Dreamtime came into being as a word to describe the Aboriginal Creation mythology, and was first used in the 1890s. Standard. They serve as a means of cultural preservation, passing down profound meanings and stories through generations. While the combinations of lines, dots and other markings can appear random to the untrained eye, they are in fact carefully Goanna Aboriginal Symbol. S. We are located on two levels of a heritage 1890’s warehouse building in Fremantle’s historic West End. Joan Didion. Symbols are used as the elements of an artwork to tell a story or share knowledge. As there is no written language in their culture, the symbols are incredibly important. Aboriginal art symbols are an integral part of Australian Indigenous culture, and each one has a unique meaning. His work exemplifies traditional techniques of storytelling containing symbols, patterns and imagery, while also exploring with diverse unique patterns and colours for a more contemporary feel. Additionally, dots can symbolize sacred sites, waterholes, or important landmarks. Traditional Aboriginal Arts and Symbols. Feb 11, 2024 · Unraveling the captivating world of Aboriginal Australian art symbols unveils a universe of profound meanings, connecting us to the rich cultural heritage of the world’s oldest living culture. digging or clapping sticks. Here are a few meanings behind the natural desert colours found in traditional Aboriginal Art: Rock art at Walinynga (Cave Hill) archaeological site. The symbols often represent elements of nature, spiritual beings, and ancestral knowledge, providing a visual language for storytelling and Learning More about Symbols Used in Indigenous Art There is a wide range of resources available to teach you the symbols and meanings of symbols used in Australian Indigenous Art. Creating Aboriginal art is a communal and collaborative process. Symbols used within paintings include concentric We only partner with not-for-profit Aboriginal Art centres who work in the best interest of their artists. Contained in this resource pack are 24 different illustrated flashcards. Pay per image US$ 2. Designed and printed by Alan Coleman who is of Indigenous heritage with roots to 2 Indigenous tribes Kalkadoon from Mt Isa and Waanya from Gulf of Carpentaria. The symbols used in Aboriginal art are deeply connected to the land The Aboriginal art symbol for a human footprint is an inverted 'U' shaped curve (the symbol for a person) with five protruding digits that represent our five toes. Australian Art Symbols. Stretching back over 65,000 years, the history of Australian Aboriginal art is a chronicle of one of the world’s oldest continuous cultural traditions. Mar 21, 2024 · Aboriginal Symbol Chart: A Comprehensive Guide to Indigenous Art. Australian Aboriginal Insect Symbol Word Mat 1 review. From the circle to the boomerang, each symbol tells a unique story that celebrates the diversity and resilience of Aboriginal culture. boomerang. Are Symbols in Aboriginal Art Regional or More Universal Jul 3, 2023 · Aboriginal art is known for its unique style and use of symbols to convey important messages. Apr 26, 2024 · Advertisement. These artifacts not only represent the symbolic meaning of these symbols but also serve as powerful records of Indigenous history and culture. There are several types of and methods used in making Aboriginal art, including rock painting, dot painting, rock engravings, bark painting, carvings, sculptures, weaving and string art. Its symbols and designs hold deep cultural and spiritual significance, offering insights into the beliefs, values, and history of the Aboriginal people. The people of the Australian deserts traditionally expressed their art with sand drawings, painting their bodies, and the more enduring rock paintings and engravings. Aboriginal art is more than just a visual representation of their culture. Mandala. 100% of our beautiful Aboriginal artworks are certified by, and come from, these publicly audited corporations. Lesson plans meet all ACARA requirements. There are three Lesson Plans for primary school visual art teachers: Bush Medicine: students reflect on and draw ideas from the artwork of Utopian artist, Rosemary Petyarre. A large proportion of contemporary Aboriginal art is based on important ancient stories and symbols centred on 'the Dreamtime' – the period in which Indigenous people believe the world was created. Themes: resources by theme such as animals, weather & elements, place and culture. cdr Author: John MacTaggart Created Date: 20190727210221Z Jun 22, 2023 · The Importance of Symbols in Aboriginal Art. Respect for fauna and flora is at the heart of the relationship between Aborigines and their environment. The emu is often depicted with its head held high, looking towards the sky, which represents its connection to the spiritual realm. 2. Extended. Credits US$ 1. From kangaroos to snakes, each animal symbol holds a special significance in Aboriginal culture. History: resources relating to history and Aboriginal art. This artwork reflects the history, customs and tales of the various Aboriginal people spread over the continent, giving it great cultural and spiritual significance. She is a remarkable artist, pushing her boundaries and visually curious. The symbol for woman in Aboriginal art and storytelling carries significant meaning, representing the nurturing and caring nature of women, as well as their strength and resilience. Immerse your students in Australian Indigenous culture with Aboriginal art lesson plans for primary students. These discoveries, coupled with the emergence of Australian Aboriginal Symbols pack is a perfect tool to embed indigenous perspectives and celebrate Australian heritage in any Early Childhood, kindergarten, school setting or at home. Indigenous Australian Storyboard Template 1 review. Deciphering the Symbols and Iconography in Aboriginal Art Feb 12, 2024 · The sacred symbols of Aboriginal art transcend the realm of mere aesthetics, carrying within them an ancient wisdom that binds the aboriginal peoples to their ancestral lands. Embodied within its rich visual narratives are tales of ancestral beings, cosmic events, and the deep spiritual connection the Indigenous communities share with the land. Apr 15, 2024 · A true fact, according to the National Museum of Australia, Aboriginal art is one of the oldest continuous art traditions in the world, with a history spanning over 50,000 years. Jul 8, 2019 · Symbols, used through Aboriginal art, have survived for over thousands of years across a range of mediums, including through use in rock paintings and engravings, and Aboriginal art continues to be one of the oldest art forms practiced today. An alternative to this symbol is to use the shape of an actual Jun 18, 2023 · Aboriginal art is one of the most diverse and visually captivating forms of art in the world. Aboriginal vector symbol illustration indigenous monochrome 10+. This webpage provides an informative infographic and examples of different symbols and their interpretations. Get ready to decode the hidden messages – traditional Aboriginal symbols are like a secret language, but with less mystery and more dots. These symbols have been passed down for generations and are an essential part of Aboriginal culture. Many Aboriginal symbols have developed from sand drawings. Tatoo. Key Features of Aboriginal Art: – Symbols and patterns: Aboriginal art uses symbols and patterns to communicate stories and Traditional Australian Aboriginal symbols take us right back to rock art and sand paintings. Symbols are used in aboriginal art, to show different things. They hold deep cultural significance and represent the interconnectedness of all things in Aboriginal culture. Teachers/Educators: lesson plans and interviews with teachers. Apr 25, 2024 · The Aboriginal symbol for love represents love within Aboriginal culture and emphasizes the interconnectedness of all living things. The dots in Aboriginal art hold deep cultural and spiritual significance. Human. Oct 23, 2016 · Using soil and rocks, artists are able to produce carvings, ground designs and paintings. She discusses the origin and meaning of some of the symbols that she and her sister Tarisse King use in their art. Symbols vary widely between the many different Aboriginal cultures found across Australia. Mar 23, 2022 · This Aboriginal art symbol is usually depicted in the Aboriginal artworks from Yuendumu in Central Australia. Rainbow Serpents, Lighting men and a whole host of beings created the All students from K-6 will have the opportunity to learn about Australian Indigenous symbology and culture, with included information sheets on each featured artist or cultural art practice. The Aboriginal Art Gallery at Forestec offers a wide range of artworks from many talented Aboriginal artists living, working and practising culture across the region. In our previous lesson, we learned how to understand and draw Aboriginal symbols. Her art has a universal appeal, made clear by the phenomenal interest in her work by international collectors. The Aboriginal symbol for a woman is an inverted 'U' shaped curve in combination with a vertical line. Goannas are known to leave distinctive Jun 6, 2023 · Aboriginal art symbols are not only beautiful but also have a deep cultural significance that should be respected and honored. Aboriginal paintings from the northern areas of Australia tend to be more figurative, showing a realistic image of the animals. L Dot painting specialist, Tina Napangardi Martin R ART ARK, Launceston, Tasmania. The iconic ‘dot paintings’, for instance, often conceal sacred and private information which the uninitiated aren’t meant to understand. Also known as the Dreamtime, Jukurrpa, and Songlines, Aboriginal Art shares stories of the artist's Dreaming. Charlotte! Many of Australia's first people, now refered to as Aboriginals, relate back to a common ancestor who inhabited Austrailia about 50,000 years ago. Symbols used within paintings include concentric Symbols of Australian aboriginal art. For thousands of years, an art form has existed that includes works in a wide range of media, including bark painting, ceremonial clothing, painting on leaves, rock carving, watercolor painting, and wood carving. However, each piece narrates an intricate story. The meanings behind circle symbols can vary, but they often represent ancestral spirits, important cultural sites, and the cyclical nature of life. Jun 16, 2021 · Aboriginal Art Symbols #10: Bush Tucker. Aboriginal Art Lessons. Jun 10, 2023 · Symbols in Aboriginal art can be interpreted in different ways, depending on their context. Discover how symbols convey cultural stories, messages and meanings across regions and styles. Artists often work within the framework of cultural protocols, which dictate the appropriate use of symbols, designs, and stories. Australian Aboriginal Symbols pack includes: - Australian Aboriginal Symbols (poster, A4 size) - Literacy cards with Australian Aboriginal Symbols (16 cards, A6 Aboriginal Story Stone Cut-Outs 91 reviews. These symbols, imbued with ancient wisdom and spiritual significance, transcend time and language, becoming a testament to the enduring spirit of the Apr 13, 2023 · "Aboriginal Group Near Geelong" by Eugene von Guerard is a captivating portrayal of the indigenous peoples of Australia, capturing a moment in time that exudes cultural richness and tradition. Free Australian EYLF Taster Resource Pack 249 reviews. Australian Aboriginal art is the oldest unbroken tradition of art in the world. These protocols ensure that the integrity and cultural significance of the art are respected and maintained. While the meaning of these symbols is often shared, they can change meaning within the The Aboriginal art symbol for a rainbow or cloud is a layered arrangement of parallel curves. 29. We tell ourselves stories in order to live. Each of these sub-sections has a distinct role to play in unraveling the mysteries of the art form, highlighting the importance of both visual and symbolic elements in creating meaning and context. Other Aboriginal symbols resources. Traditional depictions of the symbol in Aboriginal art use vibrant colors and intricate patterns, with different regions and communities having their own unique interpretations. 2 Cm. Food is at the heart of every culture, and Aboriginal stories are no exception! Bush onions, potatoes, tomatoes, bananas – they are all types of bush tucker waiting to be gathered and grazed on! This food is native to Australia and is part of the culinary delights for Aboriginal Australian people. This symbol depicts a large lizard found in Australia known as the goanna. This art form is known as Indigenous Aboriginal Art and pre-dates European colonization. Sarrita is the most collected artist at Kate Owen Gallery and for good reason. Dreamtime art focuses on ancestors Apr 3, 2024 · Aboriginal symbols have a rich cultural history that dates back thousands of years. These symbols are often used in combination with each other to create complex narratives that are steeped in tradition and cultural knowledge. Aboriginal art is based on dreamtime stories. Learn a fun dance inspired by Australian Aboriginal art in this P. One of the most intriguing aspects of this art form is the use of animal symbols. It was developed from Aranda culture by a white man who was based in Alice Springs and had a very good working knowledge of the local Aboriginal languages. 4 million. Oct 9, 2023 · From symbols and iconography to colours and materials, every aspect of Aboriginal art is purposeful and interconnected. The Dreamtime stories are up to and possibly even exceeding 50,000 years old, and have been Apr 7, 2024 · Symbolism: Aboriginal art is deeply symbolic, with each symbol carrying specific meanings that relate to the Dreamtime stories, creation beliefs, and cultural practices of Indigenous communities. Patterns of dots are used to represent many Aboriginal Dreamtime Stories - including stars or native berries. Aboriginal Art consists of symbols. This symbol can also be used to represent a sand hill or natural windbreak. Like the kangaroo, it is associated with strength and endurance, but it is also seen as a symbol of wisdom and spirituality. Owen Lyons is the artist behind Wiradjuri Art, creating Indigenous Australian Aboriginal artefacts, paintings and prints. Perfect for NAIDOC Week. Set of vector Australian indigenous art symbols in monochrome style. The symbols are used to represent the footprint of the possum. Sarrita's artistic journey is deeply rooted in family and heritage. These symbols are not merely decorative; they carry the weight of traditional storytelling and convey a profound spiritual connection to the land These symbols are still used today in contemporary Indigenous Art. Use as a stand alone sign or together with the Aboriginal Symbols Wooden* to make a sorting or memory game. Aboriginal Symbols are a visual language that communicates information about the cultural life of indigenous Australians. Archaeologists have since discovered rock art made with ochres, a natural clay earth pigment, that depicted narratives through symbols and icons since there was no written language at the time. Apr 10, 2024 · Learn about the history, styles, and meanings of Aboriginal art, a vibrant expression of Indigenous Australian culture. They can represent various elements of the artists' connection to their land, ancestral stories, and spiritual beliefs. Explore the rich symbolism behind the most common Aboriginal symbols found across Australia, fostering cultural understanding and celebrating Indigenous heritage during NAIDOC Week and Reconciliation Week. Yugambeh Aboriginal man in Queensland Dots are one of the conventional symbols that are widely used in the Central and Western desert art regions in Central Australia. These symbols, which might appear abstract to the uninitiated, are deeply meaningful to those familiar with their significance. The repetition of dots in a painting can create a mesmerizing effect Nov 14, 2023 · Aboriginal totem symbols hold immense artistic inspiration, leading to the creation of mesmerizing art and crafts that reflect the spiritual significance of these sacred entities. Visit Aboriginal Art Shop to discover more amazing artworks and artefacts by Apr 15, 2024 · To understand the symbolism in Aboriginal art with a focus on the use of symbols and patterns as well as the significance of colors. Australia. These Aboriginal Symbols Flashcards provide your students with a great visual resource to help with their learning on Aboriginal cultures. Jul 3, 2023 · The emu is another important animal symbol in Aboriginal art. Aboriginal Art Colours and Symbols. The ground floor art gallery presents a broad cross-section of Aboriginal art from Ozzie meets a very talented young Aboriginal artist, Billy Reynolds, who teaches kids about this very important part of Indigenous Australian culture, Aborig 2. ARTS To Go! Dance Inspired by Symbols in Aboriginal Art with Ms. These symbols were used as a means of communication; communication of their lives on earth, their rituals, food, customs and also to show constellations and for ritual decorations. – Aboriginal art represents their culture, stories, and spiritual beliefs. Aboriginal Australian Symbols Artwork 15 reviews. Zentangles. For example, a symbol of a particular animal may represent a totemic relationship, while a symbol of water may represent the importance of water Most symbolism in Aboriginal Art focuses on the Dreamtime, which is the period in which Aboriginal people believe the world was created. The earliest artworks were rock carvings, body painting and ground designs, which date back more than 30,000 years. Oct 12, 2021 · In part two of our Aboriginal Art series, proud Yuin woman and founder of Ngandabaa (Yun-Da-Baa), Rheanna Lotter shows us how to bring together the Aborigina Dec 22, 2023 · Symbols were and are an important component of Aboriginal art. Aboriginal Art Symbols. 78 x 58 x 0. These lesson plans are intended to assist in those instances, so that children can still be introduced to Aboriginal art. During the mid 1890s the Dreamtime was popularised in the work of Aboriginal art is rich with symbols, each serving as a capsule of cultural knowledge and spiritual wisdom. Aboriginal artists often use the technique of over Jun 14, 2023 · Aboriginal symbols are often expressed through a wide range of visual art forms, including rock paintings, carvings, and other forms of traditional art. There are two different versions of these flashcards included: a version with labels for each image, and one without. Some symbols may represent spiritual beliefs, while others reflect social customs or historical events. Apr 5, 2019 · Aboriginals expressed their art with natural materials such as rocks, sand, wood, bark, beeswax, reeds and occasionally bodily fluids. Indigenous art from Arnhem Land uses sophisticated clan designs to signify a person’s identity. To the Aborigines it is much greater than the universe of our daily dreams. Charlotte. This symbol represents how a goanna drags its tail along in the sand forming footprints on either side. Symbolism in aboriginal art also includes the colours and Today, Aboriginal artists use these symbols in their paintings to pass down culture and traditions within a family. Aboriginal art is also known for its use of vibrant colors and intricate patterns. In 2007 iconic Aboriginal artist Clifford Possum Tjapaltjrri sold his painting Warlugulong to the National Gallery of Australia for an astounding $2. You can see how this symbol, when traced with a finger in the sand, could easily suggest all of the above imagery. It is still in the tradition to represent many of the desert Dreamings stories, and the sand paintings have been replaced by paintings on canvas and new styles like dot paintings and X rays styles are the most popular modern art styles based on traditional Dreamings and totemic representations. This started around 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. Many of these designs incorporate traditional Aboriginal symbols, such as animal and plant motifs, Dreamtime symbols, and ceremonial symbols. Through the use of various mediums such as painting, woodworking, weaving, and carving, indigenous artists skillfully depict the essence of totem symbols, breathing History and Origins. Most symbolism in Aboriginal Art focuses on the Dreamtime, which is the period in which Aboriginal people believe the world was created. Australian Indigenous art is the oldest ongoing tradition of art in the world. Smoke, Waterflow, Lightning, or Bushfire. These symbols, often seen as simple designs, can carry multiple layers of meaning, reveali Using Aboriginal symbols to Create a Story. And while the symbols suggest the storyline your mind experience, and imagination personalises the message. 47 High Street, Fremantle Western Australia, 6160. Aboriginal Art Word Cards 2 reviews. It symbolizes the interconnectedness of women with the land, the community, and the spiritual world. This Australian Aboriginal Symbols Artwork Poster provides a brilliant wall display to help explore this important art form. Resim. Oct 16, 2023 · Symbols are used in aboriginal art, to show different things. Jun 14, 2023 · The significance of symbols in Aboriginal art. The Importance of Snakes in Aboriginal Culture As we have seen, circles in Aboriginal art are far more than just mere shapes or patterns. Symbols. The painting, teeming with aboriginal art symbols, showcases the group's connection to their land and ancestral roots. Dreamtime art focuses on ancestors Jun 23, 2023 · Aboriginal art symbols are rich in meaning and significance, reflecting the deep spiritual and cultural connections that Indigenous Australians have with the land. The highly patterned designs are called miny’tji. Discover how Aboriginal art uses symbols, patterns, and colors to convey Dreaming stories, spiritual connections, and cultural identity. Japingka Aboriginal Art is a specialist Aboriginal art gallery in Perth, Western Australia. Preschoolers will learn: Explore symbols used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures to represent meaning. Examples of symbols engraved or painted on rock art sites show A symbol or combination of symbols can be used to represent an abstract idea, an action, person, place, ceremony, word, object, mood, emotion, story, life or death, anything. Turtle Template 2 reviews. Jul 3, 2023 · Aboriginal art is deeply symbolic and often uses complex patterns and designs to convey meaning. Traditional Aboriginal art uses symbols and patterns to convey stories of creation, land, and ancestral beings. Aboriginal art is different, because it: is uniquely connected to the country of the artist; is often comprised of symbols that are uniquely tied to a particular country or a particular language group’s story Colin Jones, lecturer in Aboriginal History, talks about his culture, his history and his art. Student activities explore the shapes, colours and Aboriginal Dot Painting: Evolution and History. ARTS To Go! video with teaching artist Ms. several recognisable symbols are visible, most notably the concentric circles. Stories: resources relating to Aboriginal storylines. The earliest type of Aboriginal art was symbols and patterns, made only in natural colours, often with dots and swirls. One of the most prominent symbols in Aboriginal art is the snake symbol. There are many ways children can use symbols in activities. Aboriginal Art has survived for over thousands of years and continues to be one of the oldest art forms practiced today. 1. Traditionally, symbols of the Dreamtime events were created on cave walls, carved into timber or stone, on the desert floor, and on their bodies with the use of body paint. The Dreamtime: Understanding the Essence of Aboriginal Art Symbols. With NAIDOC Week 2023 coming up, there's lots to discover, explore, and celebrate with your students. Situated in Kalimna West, East Gippsland it is a warm and engaging space that offers visitors an opportunity to feel the connection that Traditional Owners have to Country and Jul 16, 2021 · Art is often built on what previous artists have created. More Than Just Dots and Symbols. Do you want to learn more about the rich and diverse Aboriginal art culture? Explore the graphic symbols and meanings that are used in Aboriginal paintings and how they convey stories, traditions and beliefs. ️ Ignite your students' curiosity and appreciation for Aboriginal art with these display cards and worksheets. It is a way of communicating stories, beliefs, and traditions through symbols and patterns. Apr 10, 2022 · Art created by Australia’s indigenous people, also referred to as Aboriginal Australians, is called Aboriginal art. Learn about the meaning and use of symbols in Australian Indigenous art, from body paint to dot paintings. A collection of symbols can tell a powerful story. Traditional Aboriginal symbols illustrate the rich heritage of the Australian desert and are used in artworks, body paint and are often seen during sacred rituals and ceremonies. They are made of fine lines applied in specific ochre colours. The Aboriginal population has been living with nature for more than 50,000 years, so it is a central theme in their culture. P. Symbols are an important part of Aboriginal art as they convey meaning and tell stories. Know about the key features of Aboriginal art, symbols, meanings and more here. Snake Aug 21, 2018 · Australian Aboriginal art is one of the oldest living artforms known to man, dating back 80,000 years. Sometimes they also show the animal from the inside, using the x-ray style. – Aboriginal art is a form of art created by the Indigenous people of Australia, who have been living there for thousands of years. This art form being referred to as dot paintings. Customize image. The EYLF lesson plan is suitable for 4-5 year olds and focuses on exploring Aboriginal symbols and developing creativity and appreciation for the natural, social and cultural world through the visual arts. The Aboriginal Art Workshops at the Creative Native art gallery in Perth offer participants the chance to learn symbols used in Aboriginal art and their meanings Aug 4, 2021 · Avp_1199. aboriginal-art-symbols. wr vk sn ki xj ua ii sk mz kg